怎么在Android应用中利用ViewHolder优化Adapter
怎么在Android应用中利用ViewHolder优化Adapter?相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策,为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法,通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
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具体方法如下:
public class MarkerItemAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private Context mContext = null; private ListmMarkerData = null; public MarkerItemAdapter(Context context, List markerItems) { mContext = context; mMarkerData = markerItems; } public void setMarkerData(List markerItems) { mMarkerData = markerItems; } @Override public int getCount() { int count = 0; if (null != mMarkerData) { count = mMarkerData.size(); } return count; } @Override public MarkerItem getItem(int position) { MarkerItem item = null; if (null != mMarkerData) { item = mMarkerData.get(position); } return item; } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder viewHolder = null; if (null == convertView) { viewHolder = new ViewHolder(); LayoutInflater mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext); convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_marker_item, null); viewHolder.name = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.name); viewHolder.description = (TextView) convertView .findViewById(R.id.description); viewHolder.createTime = (TextView) convertView .findViewById(R.id.createTime); convertView.setTag(viewHolder); } else { viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } // set item values to the viewHolder: MarkerItem markerItem = getItem(position); if (null != markerItem) { viewHolder.name.setText(markerItem.getName()); viewHolder.description.setText(markerItem.getDescription()); viewHolder.createTime.setText(markerItem.getCreateDate()); } return convertView; } private static class ViewHolder { TextView name; TextView description; TextView createTime; } }
其中MarkerItem是自定义的类,其中包含name,description,createTime等字段,并且有相应的get和set方法。
ViewHolder是一个内部类,其中包含了单个项目布局中的各个控件。
单个项目的布局,即R.layout.item_marker_item如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
官方的API Demos中也有这个例子:
package com.example.android.apis.view中的List14:
/* * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.android.apis.view; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import com.example.android.apis.R; /** * Demonstrates how to write an efficient list adapter. The adapter used in this example binds * to an ImageView and to a TextView for each row in the list. * * To work efficiently the adapter implemented here uses two techniques: * - It reuses the convertView passed to getView() to avoid inflating View when it is not necessary * - It uses the ViewHolder pattern to avoid calling findViewById() when it is not necessary * * The ViewHolder pattern consists in storing a data structure in the tag of the view returned by * getView(). This data structures contains references to the views we want to bind data to, thus * avoiding calls to findViewById() every time getView() is invoked. */ public class List14 extends ListActivity { private static class EfficientAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private LayoutInflater mInflater; private Bitmap mIcon1; private Bitmap mIcon2; public EfficientAdapter(Context context) { // Cache the LayoutInflate to avoid asking for a new one each time. mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); // Icons bound to the rows. mIcon1 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.icon48x48_1); mIcon2 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.icon48x48_2); } /** * The number of items in the list is determined by the number of speeches * in our array. * * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getCount() */ public int getCount() { return DATA.length; } /** * Since the data comes from an array, just returning the index is * sufficent to get at the data. If we were using a more complex data * structure, we would return whatever object represents one row in the * list. * * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getItem(int) */ public Object getItem(int position) { return position; } /** * Use the array index as a unique id. * * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getItemId(int) */ public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } /** * Make a view to hold each row. * * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getView(int, android.view.View, * android.view.ViewGroup) */ public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { // A ViewHolder keeps references to children views to avoid unneccessary calls // to findViewById() on each row. ViewHolder holder; // When convertView is not null, we can reuse it directly, there is no need // to reinflate it. We only inflate a new View when the convertView supplied // by ListView is null. if (convertView == null) { convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text, null); // Creates a ViewHolder and store references to the two children views // we want to bind data to. holder = new ViewHolder(); holder.text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text); holder.icon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon); convertView.setTag(holder); } else { // Get the ViewHolder back to get fast access to the TextView // and the ImageView. holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } // Bind the data efficiently with the holder. holder.text.setText(DATA[position]); holder.icon.setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 : mIcon2); return convertView; } static class ViewHolder { TextView text; ImageView icon; } } @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setListAdapter(new EfficientAdapter(this)); } private static final String[] DATA = Cheeses.sCheeseStrings; }
其中布局:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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