tensorflow训练中出现nan问题的解决-创新互联
深度学习中对于网络的训练是参数更新的过程,需要注意一种情况就是输入数据未做归一化时,如果前向传播结果已经是[0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0]这种形式,而真实结果是[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],此时由于得出的结论不惧有概率性,而是错误的估计值,此时反向传播会使得权重和偏置值变的无穷大,导致数据溢出,也就出现了nan的问题。
成都创新互联公司是专业的平罗网站建设公司,平罗接单;提供成都做网站、网站建设,网页设计,网站设计,建网站,PHP网站建设等专业做网站服务;采用PHP框架,可快速的进行平罗网站开发网页制作和功能扩展;专业做搜索引擎喜爱的网站,专业的做网站团队,希望更多企业前来合作!解决办法:
1、对输入数据进行归一化处理,如将输入的图片数据除以255将其转化成0-1之间的数据;
2、对于层数较多的情况,各层都做batch_nomorlization;
3、对设置Weights权重使用tf.truncated_normal(0, 0.01, [3,3,1,64])生成,同时值的均值为0,方差要小一些;
4、激活函数可以使用tanh;
5、减小学习率lr。
实例:
import tensorflow as tf from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('data',one_hot = True) def add_layer(input_data,in_size, out_size,activation_function=None): Weights = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([in_size,out_size])) Biases = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1, out_size])+0.1) Wx_plus_b = tf.add(tf.matmul(input_data, Weights), Biases) if activation_function==None: outputs = Wx_plus_b else: outputs = activation_function(Wx_plus_b) #return outputs#, Weights return {'outdata':outputs, 'w':Weights} def get_accuracy(t_y): # global l1 # accu = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(tf.equal(tf.argmax(l1['outdata'],1),tf.argmax(t_y,1)), dtype = tf.float32)) global prediction accu = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(tf.equal(tf.argmax(prediction['outdata'],1),tf.argmax(t_y,1)), dtype = tf.float32)) return accu X = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784]) Y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 10]) #l1 = add_layer(X, 784, 10, tf.nn.softmax) #cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(-tf.reduce_sum(Y*tf.log(l1['outdata']), reduction_indices= [1])) #l1 = add_layer(X, 784, 1024, tf.nn.relu) l1 = add_layer(X, 784, 1024, None) prediction = add_layer(l1['outdata'], 1024, 10, tf.nn.softmax) cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(-tf.reduce_sum(Y*tf.log(prediction['outdata']), reduction_indices= [1])) optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.000001) train = optimizer.minimize(cross_entropy) newW = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([1024,10])) newOut = tf.matmul(l1['outdata'],newW) newSoftMax = tf.nn.softmax(newOut) init = tf.global_variables_initializer() with tf.Session() as sess: sess.run(init) #print(sess.run(l1_Weights)) for i in range(2): X_train, y_train = mnist.train.next_batch(1) X_train = X_train/255 #需要进行归一化处理 #print(sess.run(l1['w'],feed_dict={X:X_train})) #print(sess.run(prediction['w'],feed_dict={X:X_train, Y:y_train})) #print(sess.run(l1['outdata'],feed_dict={X:X_train, Y:y_train}).shape) print(sess.run(prediction['outdata'],feed_dict={X:X_train, Y:y_train})) print(sess.run(newOut, feed_dict={X:X_train})) print(sess.run(newSoftMax, feed_dict={X:X_train})) print(y_train) #print(sess.run(l1['outdata'], feed_dict={X:X_train})) sess.run(train, feed_dict={X:X_train, Y:y_train}) if i%100 == 0: #print(sess.run(cross_entropy, feed_dict={X:X_train, Y:y_train})) accuracy = get_accuracy(mnist.test.labels) print(sess.run(accuracy,feed_dict={X:mnist.test.images})) #if i%100==0: #print(sess.run(prediction, feed_dict={X:X_train})) #print(sess.run(cross_entropy, feed_dict={X:X_train,Y:y_train}))
另外有需要云服务器可以了解下创新互联scvps.cn,海内外云服务器15元起步,三天无理由+7*72小时售后在线,公司持有idc许可证,提供“云服务器、裸金属服务器、高防服务器、香港服务器、美国服务器、虚拟主机、免备案服务器”等云主机租用服务以及企业上云的综合解决方案,具有“安全稳定、简单易用、服务可用性高、性价比高”等特点与优势,专为企业上云打造定制,能够满足用户丰富、多元化的应用场景需求。
网站标题:tensorflow训练中出现nan问题的解决-创新互联
当前地址:http://azwzsj.com/article/hpdgd.html