大数据开发中数仓ads层指标计算怎么实现
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ads层数据往往是最终的结果指标数据,在大屏展示,或者实时流处理时候使用,通过下面两个例子来练习业务大屏展示sql该怎么写。
1.会员分析案例
1.1 数据准备
表结构如下,其中此表是dws层以天为维度的会员表,比如每天的会员信息汇总,
use dws; drop table if exists dws.dws_member_start_day; create table dws.dws_member_start_day( `device_id` string, -- 设备id,来区分用户 `uid` string, -- uid `app_v` string, `os_type` string, `language` string, `channel` string, `area` string, `brand` string ) COMMENT '会员日启动汇总' partitioned by(dt string) stored as parquet;
1.2 会员指标计算
沉默会员的定义:只在安装当天启动过App,而且安装时间是在7天前
流失会员的定义:最近30天未登录的会员
1.2.1 如何计算沉默会员数
-- 拿到只启动一次的会员,后面再过滤安装时间是再7天前的,使用sum 窗口函数 SELECT count(*) FROM (SELECT device_id, sum(device_id) OVER (PARTITION BY device_id) AS sum_num, dt FROM dws.dws_member_start_day) tmp WHERE dt <= date_add(CURRENT_DATE, -7) AND sum_num=1
1.2.2 如何计算流失会员数
-- 拿到会员最近一次登录时间,并用row_number来过滤 SELECT count(*) FROM (SELECT device_id, dt, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY device_id ORDER BY dt DESC) ro FROM dws.dws_member_start_day) tmp WHERE ro=1 AND dt >= date_add(CURRENT_DATE, -30)
2. 核心交易案例
2.1 数据准备
给定一个每日订单维度表,表结构如下图:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dwd.dwd_trade_orders; create table dwd.dwd_trade_orders( `orderId` int, `orderNo` string, `userId` bigint, `status` tinyint, `productMoney` decimal, `totalMoney` decimal, `payMethod` tinyint, `isPay` tinyint, `areaId` int, `tradeSrc` tinyint, `tradeType` int, `isRefund` tinyint, `dataFlag` tinyint, `createTime` string, `payTime` string, `modifiedTime` string, `start_date` string, `end_date` string ) COMMENT '订单事实拉链表' partitioned by (dt string) STORED AS PARQUET;
其中,订单状态 -3 用户拒收 -2未付款的订单 -1用户取消 0 待发货 1配送中 2用户确认收货,订单有效标志 -1 删除 1 有效
数据预处理,在明细事实拉链表处理时不太方便,可以做一张中间表,dws_trade_orders_day
其表结构和加工如下:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_day; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_day(day_dt string COMMENT '日期:yyyy-MM-dd', day_cnt decimal commnet '日订单笔数', day_sum decimal COMMENT '日订单总额') COMMENT '日订单统计表'; SELECT dt, count(*) cnt, sum(totalMoney) sm FROM (SELECT DISTINCT orderid, dt, totalMoney FROM dwd.dwd_trade_orders WHERE status >= 0 AND dataFlag = '1') tmp GROUP BY dt; INSERT OVERWRITE TABLE dws.dws_trade_orders_day SELECT dt, count(*) cnt, sum(totalMoney) sm FROM (SELECT DISTINCT orderid, dt, totalMoney FROM dwd.dwd_trade_orders WHERE status >= 0 AND dataFlag = '1') tmp GROUP BY dt; SELECT * FROM dws.dws_trade_orders_day WHERE day_dt BETWEEN '2020-01-01' AND '2020-12-31';
2.2 指标1,统计2020年每个季度的销售订单笔数、订单总额
先创建ads指标表:dws_trade_orders_quarter
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_quarter; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_quarter(YEAR string COMMENT '年份', QUARTER string COMMENT '季度', cnt decimal COMMENT '订单总笔数', SUM decimal COMMENT '订单总额') COMMENT '季度订单统计表'; INSERT OVERWRITE TABLE dws.dws_trade_orders_quarter WITH tmp AS (SELECT substr(day_dt, 0, 4) YEAR, CASE WHEN substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="01" OR substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="02" OR substr(day_dt, 6, 2)="03" THEN "1" WHEN substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="04" OR substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="05" OR substr(day_dt, 6, 2)="06" THEN "2" WHEN substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="07" OR substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="08" OR substr(day_dt, 6, 2)="09" THEN "3" WHEN substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="10" OR substr(dat_dt, 6, 2)="11" OR substr(day_dt, 6, 2)="12" THEN "4" AS QUARTER day_cnt, day_sum FROM dws.dws_trade_orders_day) SELECT YEAR, QUARTER, sum(day_cnt), sum(day_sum) FROM tmp GROUP BY YEAR QUARTER;
2.3 统计2020年每个月的销售订单笔数、订单总额
先创建ads指标表:dws_trade_orders_month
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_month; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_month(yearstring COMMENT '年份', MONTH string COMMENT '月份', month_cnt decimal COMMENT '月订单总笔数', month_sum decimal COMMENT '月订单总额') COMMENT '月订单统计表'; INSERT OVERWRITE TABLE dws.dws_trade_orders_month WITH tmp AS (SELECT substr(day_dt, 0, 4) YEAR, sunstr(day_dt, 6, 2) MONTH, day_cnt, day_sum FROM dws.dws_trade_orders_day) SELECT YEAR, MONTH, sum(day_cnt) month_cnt, sum(day_sum) month_sum FROM tmp GROUP BY YEAR, MONTH;
2.4 统计2020年每周(周一到周日)的销售订单笔数、订单总额
创建ads层指标表:dws_trade_orders_week
利用到日期函数weekofyear
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_week; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dws.dws_trade_orders_week(YEAR string COMMENT '年份', WEEK string COMMENT '一年中的第几周', week_cnt decimal COMMENT '周订单总笔数', week_sum decimal COMMENT '周订单总额') COMMENT '周订单统计表'; INSERT OVERWRITE TABLE dws.dws_trade_orders_week SELECT substr(day_dt, 0, 4) YEAR, weekofyear(day_dt) WEEK, sum(day_cnt), sum(day_sum) FROM dws.dws_trade_orders_day GROUP BY substr(day_dt, 0, 4) YEAR, weekofyear(day_dt) WEEK;
2.5 统计2020年国家法定节假日、休息日、工作日的订单笔数、订单总额
创建日期信息维表:dim_day_info
并录入节假日信息数据(数据每年都不一样,需要国务院通知的公告,所以定期手动维护)
drop table if exists dim.dim_day_info; create table if not exists dim.dim_day_info( day_dt string comment '日期', is_holidays int comment '节假日标识: 0不是 1是', is_workday int comment '工作日标识 0不是 1是' ) comment '日期信息表';
-- 统计2020节假日的订单笔数,订单总额 SELECT nvl(sum(day_cnt), 0) nvl(sum(day_sum), 0) FROM dws.dws_trade_orders_day A LEFT JOIN dim.dim_day_info B ON A.day_dt = B.day_dt WHERE B.is_holiday = 1; -- 统计2020年休息日的订单笔数,订单总额 SELECT nvl(sum(day_cnt), 0) nvl(sum(day_sum), 0) FROM dws.dws_trade_orders_day A LEFT JOIN dim.dim_day_info B ON A.day_dt = B.day_dt WHERE B.is_workday = 0; -- 统计2020节工作日的订单笔数,订单总额 SELECT nvl(sum(day_cnt), 0) nvl(sum(day_sum), 0) FROM dws.dws_trade_orders_day A LEFT JOIN dim.dim_day_info B ON A.day_dt = B.day_dt WHERE B.is_workday = 1;
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