SpringBoot整合Kotlin构建Web服务的方法示例
今天我们尝试Spring Boot整合Kotlin,并决定建立一个非常简单的Spring Boot微服务,使用Kotlin作为编程语言进行编码构建。
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创建一个简单的Spring Boot应用程序。我会在这里使用maven构建项目:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>4.0.0 com.edurt.ski springboot-kotlin-integration 1.0.0 jar springboot kotlin integration SpringBoot Kotlin Integration is a open source springboot, kotlin integration example. org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.1.3.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 1.2.71 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web com.fasterxml.jackson.module jackson-module-kotlin org.jetbrains.kotlin kotlin-stdlib-jdk8 org.jetbrains.kotlin kotlin-reflect ${project.basedir}/src/main/kotlin ${project.basedir}/src/test/kotlin org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin kotlin-maven-plugin org.jetbrains.kotlin -Xjsr305=strict spring jpa all-open org.jetbrains.kotlin kotlin-maven-allopen ${plugin.maven.kotlin.version} org.jetbrains.kotlin kotlin-maven-noarg ${plugin.maven.kotlin.version} kapt kapt src/main/kotlin org.springframework.boot spring-boot-configuration-processor ${project.parent.version}
添加所有必需的依赖项:
- kotlin-stdlib-jdk8 kotlin jdk8的lib包
- kotlin-reflect kotlin反射包
一个简单的应用类:
package com.edurt.ski import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication import org.springframework.boot.runApplication @SpringBootApplication class SpringBootKotlinIntegration fun main(args: Array) { runApplication (*args) }
添加Rest API接口功能
创建一个HelloController Rest API接口,我们只提供一个简单的get请求获取hello,kotlin输出信息:
package com.edurt.ski.controller import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController @RestController class HelloController { @GetMapping(value = "hello") fun hello(): String { return "hello,kotlin" } }
修改SpringBootKotlinIntegration文件增加以下设置扫描路径
@ComponentScan(value = [ "com.edurt.ski", "com.edurt.ski.controller" ])
添加页面功能
修改pom.xml文件增加以下页面依赖
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-mustache
在src/main/resources路径下创建templates文件夹
在templates文件夹下创建一个名为hello.mustache的页面文件
Hello, Kotlin
创建页面转换器HelloView
package com.edurt.ski.view import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller import org.springframework.ui.Model import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping @Controller class HelloView { @GetMapping(value = "hello_view") fun helloView(model: Model): String { return "hello" } }
浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/hello_view即可看到页面内容
添加数据持久化功能
修改pom.xml文件增加以下依赖(由于测试功能我们使用h3内存数据库)
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-jpa com.h3database h3 runtime
创建User实体
package com.edurt.ski.model import javax.persistence.Entity import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue import javax.persistence.Id @Entity //class UserModel( // @Id // @GeneratedValue // private var id: Long? = 0, // private var name: String //) class UserModel { @Id @GeneratedValue var id: Long? = 0 get() = field set var name: String? = null get() = field set }
创建UserSupport dao数据库操作工具类
package com.edurt.ski.support import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository interface UserSupport : PagingAndSortingRepository{ }
创建UserService服务类
package com.edurt.ski.service import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel interface UserService { /** * save model to db */ fun save(model: UserModel): UserModel }
创建UserServiceImpl实现类
package com.edurt.ski.service import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel import com.edurt.ski.support.UserSupport import org.springframework.stereotype.Service @Service(value = "userService") class UserServiceImpl(private val userSupport: UserSupport) : UserService { override fun save(model: UserModel): UserModel { return this.userSupport.save(model) } }
创建用户UserController进行持久化数据
package com.edurt.ski.controller import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel import com.edurt.ski.service.UserService import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController @RestController @RequestMapping(value = "user") class UserController(private val userService: UserService) { @PostMapping(value = "save/{name}") fun save(@PathVariable name: String): UserModel { val userModel = UserModel() // userModel.id = 1 userModel.name = name return this.userService.save(userModel) } }
使用控制台窗口执行以下命令保存数据
curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/user/save/qianmoQ
收到返回结果
{"id":1,"name":"qianmoQ"}
表示数据保存成功
增加数据读取渲染功能
修改UserService增加以下代码
/** * get all model */ fun getAll(page: Pageable): Page
修改UserServiceImpl增加以下代码
override fun getAll(page: Pageable): Page{ return this.userSupport.findAll(page) }
修改UserController增加以下代码
@GetMapping(value = "list") fun get(): Page= this.userService.getAll(PageRequest(0, 10))
创建UserView文件渲染User数据
package com.edurt.ski.view import com.edurt.ski.service.UserService import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller import org.springframework.ui.Model import org.springframework.ui.set import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping @Controller class UserView(private val userService: UserService) { @GetMapping(value = "user_view") fun helloView(model: Model): String { model["users"] = this.userService.getAll(PageRequest(0, 10)) return "user" } }
创建user.mustache文件渲染数据(自行解析返回数据即可)
{{users}}
浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/user_view即可看到页面内容
增加单元功能
修改pom.xml文件增加以下依赖
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test junit junit org.mockito mockito-core org.junit.jupiter junit-jupiter-engine test
创建UserServiceTest文件进行测试UserService功能
package com.edurt.ski import com.edurt.ski.service.UserService import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest @SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) class UserServiceTest(@Autowired private val userService: UserService) { @Test fun `get all`() { println(">> Assert blog page title, content and status code") val entity = this.userService.getAll(PageRequest(0, 1)) print(entity.totalPages) } }
源码地址:GitHub
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