OpenstackMitakaforCentos7.2部署指南（二）
4.4 计算服务配置（Compute Service Nova）
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部署节点：Controller Node
在Controller节点上需要安装novaapi novaconductor novaconsoleauth novanovncproxy novascheduler
MySQL -u root -p123456 CREATE DATABASE nova_api; CREATE DATABASE nova; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'novaapi'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'novaapi'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova openstack role add --project service --user nova admin openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s
安装计算服务组件
① 安装Nova组件
yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler
② 修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/nova/nova.conf 。
在[DEFAULT] 处只启用compute 和metadata APIs，将
267 #enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata 改为 enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
在[api_database] 和[database] 处配置数据库访问连接（若没有[api_database] 和[database] 标记，则
手动添加）
注：将NOVA_DBPASS 替换为前面设计的实际密码
[api_database] ... connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova_api [database] ... connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova
在[DEFAULT] 和[oslo_messaging_rabbit] 处配置RabbitMQ消息队里访问
注：将RABBIT_PASS 替换为前面设计的实际密码
[DEFAULT]
...
rpc_backend = rabbit
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = RABBIT_PASS
在[DEFAULT] 和[keystone_authtoken] 处配置身份服务访问
注：将NOVA_PASS 替换为前面设计的实际密码
注：注释或删除[keystone_authtoken] 处其他内容
[DEFAULT]
...
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
在[DEFAULT] 处配置my_ip 为Controller节点Management Network网口地址
my_ip = 10.0.0.11
在[DEFAULT] 处启用网络服务支持
注：默认情况下，计算服务使用主机内部防火墙驱动，因此必须禁用OpenStack网络服务中的防火墙驱动。
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
在[vnc] 处，使用Controller节点Management Network网口地址配置VNC代理（VNC proxy）。
[vnc]
...
vncserver_listen = $my_ip
vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
在[glance] 处配置镜像服务API位置
[glance]
...
api_servers = http://controller:9292
在[oslo_concurrency] 处配置lock_path
[oslo_concurrency]
...
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
将配置信息写入计算服务数据库nova
# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova # su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
重启计算服务
systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
部署节点：Compute Node
在Compute节点上需要安装novacompute
。
注：以下步骤在Compute节点上执行
安装配置计算服务组件
安装nova‐compute 组件
yum install openstack-nova-compute
修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/nova/nova.conf
① 在[DEFAULT] 和[oslo_messaging_rabbit] 处配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问
注：将RABBIT_PASS 替换为前面设计的实际密码
[DEFAULT] ... rpc_backend = rabbit [oslo_messaging_rabbit] ... rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = RABBIT_PASS
② 在[DEFAULT] 和[keystone_authtoken] 处配置身份服务访问
注：将NOVA_PASS 替换为前面设计的实际密码
注：注释或删除[keystone_authtoken] 处其他内容
[DEFAULT]
...
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS
在[DEFAULT] 处配置my_ip 为Compute节点Management Network网口地址
my_ip=10.0.0.31
在[DEFAULT] 处启用网络服务支持
[DEFAULT] ... use_neutron = True firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
在[vnc] 处配置远程控制访问
[vnc] ... enabled = True vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0 vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html
注： VNC服务器端监听所有地址，VNC代理客户端只监听Compute节点Management Network网口地址，
base URL设置Compute节点远程控制台浏览器访问地址（若浏览无法解析controller，则需替换为相应IP地
址）。
在[glance] 处配置镜像服务API
api_servers = http://controller:9292
在[oslo_concurrency] 处配置lock_path
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
完成安装，重启计算服务
① 检测是否支持虚拟机硬件加速
egrep ‐c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
若返回结果大于等于1，则支持，无需做额外配置；
若返回结果0，则不支持硬件加速，需要做以下额外配置：修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/nova/novacompute.
conf 中的libvirt 设置项，使用QEMU 代替KVM 。
[libvirt]
virt_type = qemu
systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
验证计算服务是否安装正确
注：以下步骤需在Controller节点执行
① 设置OpenStack admin 用户环境变量
source admin-openrc
② 打印服务组件列表，验证每个成功启动和注册的进程。
[root@controller ~]# openstack compute service list +----+-----------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+ | Id | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +----+-----------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+ | 1 | nova- | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2016-09-03T09:29 | | | consoleauth | | | | | :56.000000 | | 2 | nova-conductor | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2016-09-03T09:29 | | | | | | | | :56.000000 | | 3 | nova-scheduler | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2016-09-03T09:29 | | | | | | | | :56.000000 | | 7 | nova-compute | compute | nova | enabled | up | 2016-09-03T09:29 | | | | | | | | :56.000000 | +----+-----------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+
4.5 网络服务配置（Networking Service Neutron）
部署节点：Controller Node
在MariaDB（MySQL）中创建neutron 数据库
mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE neutron; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
创建网络服务证书和API路径
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696
安装配置neutron‐server 服务组件
yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2
修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf [database] connection = mysql://neutron:neutron@controller/neutron [DEFAULT] core_plugin = ml2 service_plugins = router allow_overlapping_ips = True [DEFAULT] rpc_backend = rabbit [oslo_messaging_rabbit] rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = openstack [DEFAULT] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:35357 auth_plugin = password project_domain_id = default user_domain_id = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron [DEFAULT] notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = True notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = True [nova] auth_url = http://controller:35357 auth_plugin = password project_domain_id = default user_domain_id = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = nova password = nova [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp [DEFAULT] verbose = True
配置ML2插件 配置LINUX桥接代理 配置元数据代理
ML2 plugin 使用Linux网桥机制为OpenStack实例建立layer2 虚拟网络设施（桥接和交换）。修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini [ml2] type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan #配置ML2后如果移除此项目会引起数据库不一致 [ml2] tenant_network_types = vxlan [ml2] mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population [ml2] extension_drivers = port_security ##启用端口安全扩展驱动 [ml2_type_flat] flat_networks = public ##运营商虚拟网络为flat network [ml2_type_vxlan] vni_ranges = 1:1000 [securitygroup] enable_ipset = True ##启用ipset 来增强安全组规则的效率
将配置信息写入neutron 数据库
su ‐s /bin/sh ‐c "neutron‐db‐manage ‐‐config‐file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf ‐‐config‐file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
配置计算节点使用网络
vi /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron] url = http://controller:9696 auth_url = http://controller1:35357 auth_plugin = password project_domain_id = default user_domain_id = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron service_metadata_proxy = True metadata_proxy_shared_secret = metadata
创建文件连接
ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
重启服务
systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service systemctl restart neutron-server.service systemctl start neutron-metadata-agent.service systemctl enable neutron-server.service systemctl enable neutron-metadata-agent.service
部署节点：Network Node
在Network 节点上部署组件：
网络服务部署架构有两种方式Provider Networks 和Self‐Service Networks ，在本文开头作了简要介绍。本文采
用Self‐Service Networks 方式部署。
参考文档：Deploy Networking Service using the Architecture of SelfService
Networks
yum install openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables
配置公共服务组件
公共组件配置包括认证机制、消息队列。修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[DEFAULT] rpc_backend = rabbit [oslo_messaging_rabbit] rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = openstack [DEFAULT] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:35357 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron 配置Linux网桥代理 Linux bridge agent为实例建立了二层虚拟网络设施，而且可以管理安全组。 修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini #注意桥接的网卡名称 [linux_bridge] physical_interface_mappings = public:eth0 [vxlan] enable_vxlan = True local_ip = 10.0.0.21 #物理公共网络接口地址(controller) l2_population = True [agent] prevent_arp_spoofing = True [securitygroup] enable_security_group = True firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
配置三层网络代理
L3(Layer‐3) Agent 位自服务网络提供了路由和NAT服务。
修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini ，在[DEFAULT] 处配置Linux网桥接口驱动（Linux BridgeInterface Driver）和外网网桥。
vi /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini [DEFAULT] interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.BridgeInterfaceDriver external_network_bridge = ####注： external_network_bridge 值故意空缺，这样可使多个外部网络共用一个代理。 [DEFAULT] verbose = True
修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini ，在[DEFAULT] 处配置Linux bridge interface
driver 和DNSmasq DHCP driver ，启用独立的metadata 使运营商网络实例可以访问虚拟网络元信息。
vi /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini [DEFAULT] interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.BridgeInterfaceDriver dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq enable_isolated_metadata = True [DEFAULT] verbose = True
配置元数据代理
元数据代理提供一些诸如证书之类的配置信息。
修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini ，在[DEFAULT] 处配置元数据主机和共享密钥。
注：将METADATA_SECRET 替换为前面设计的实际密码
[DEFAULT] nova_metadata_ip = controller metadata_proxy_shared_secret = metadata
systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service neutron-l3-agent.service systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service neutron-l3-agent.service
部署节点：Compute Node
安装网络服务组件
[root@compute ~]# yum install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge
配置公共组件
公共组件配置包括认证机制、消息队列、插件。
[root@compute ~]# cat /etc/neutron/neutron.conf [DEFAULT] rpc_backend = rabbit [oslo_messaging_rabbit] rabbit_host = controller rabbit_userid = openstack rabbit_password = openstack [DEFAULT] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:35357 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron
配置网络设置
配置Linux网桥代理，修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[root@compute ~]# cat /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini [linux_bridge] physical_interface_mappings = provider:eth0 [vxlan] enable_vxlan = True local_ip = 10.0.0.31 l2_population = True [securitygroup] enable_security_group = True firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
配置计算服务访问网络
修改配置文件sudo vi /etc/nova/nova.conf
[root@compute ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron] url = http://controller:9696 auth_url = http://controller:35357 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron
重启服务
systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service systemctl restart neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
验证
[root@controller ~]# neutron ext-list [root@controller ~]# neutron agent-list +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+ | id | agent_type | host | availability_zone | alive | admin_state_up | binary | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+ | 0e1c9f6f-a56b-40d1-b43e-91754cabcf75 | Metadata agent | network | | :-) | True | neutron-metadata-agent | | 24c8daec-b495-48ba-b70d-f7d103c8cda1 | Linux bridge agent | compute | | :-) | True | neutron-linuxbridge-agent | | 2e93bf03-e095-444d-8f74-0b832db4a0be | Linux bridge agent | network | | :-) | True | neutron-linuxbridge-agent | | 456c754a-d2c0-4ce5-8d9b-b0089fb77647 | Metadata agent | controller | | :-) | True | neutron-metadata-agent | | 8a1c7895-fc44-407f-b74b-55bb1b4519d8 | DHCP agent | network | nova | :-) | True | neutron-dhcp-agent | | 93ad18bf-d961-4d00-982c-6c617dbc0a5e | L3 agent | network | nova | :-) | True | neutron-l3-agent | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
4.6 仪表盘服务配置（Dashboard Service Horizon）
仪表盘是一个Web接口，可使云管理员和用户管理各种各样的OpenStack资源和服务。本文采用Apache Web
Server 部署Dashboard 服务。
部署节点：Controller Node
yum install openstack-dashboard
修改配置文件sudo vim /etc/openstack‐dashboard/local_settings
OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ]
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
CACHES = {
'default': {
'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',
}
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
"identity": 3,
"p_w_picpath": 2,
"volume": 2,
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "default"
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
...
'enable_router': False,
'enable_quotas': False,
'enable_distributed_router': False,
'enable_ha_router': False,
'enable_lb': False,
'enable_firewall': False,
'enable_***': False,
'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
}
TIME_ZONE = "TIME_ZONE"
systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
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