Springcloud中zuul的ZuulFilter是什么

Springcloud中zuul的Zuul Filter是什么,很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。

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    Springcloud的版本是Greenwich.SR2,Springboot版本是2.1.6.release.

    最近使用到Springcloud的zuul,分析了下源码,记录下。

    如下List-1,我们自己定义的ZuulFilter继承zuul的zuulFilter,之后定义为Bean,交给Spring容器:

    List-1

//将过滤器交给Spring管理
@Bean
public AuthFilter authFilter(){
    return new AuthFilter();
}

//xss过滤
@Bean
public XssFilter xssFilter(){
    return new XssFilter();
}

@Bean
public HelloZuulFilter firewallFilter(){
    return new HelloZuulFilter();
}

@Bean
public HelloInfoFilter helloInfoFilter(){
    return new HelloInfoFilter();
}

    之后看下ZuulServerAutoConfiguration,如下List-2,@Autowired private Map filters会从Spring容器中获取所有的ZuulFilter,之后实例化ZuulFilterInitializer时,将这个filters传入。

    List-2

...
@Configuration
protected static class ZuulFilterConfiguration {

    @Autowired
    private Map filters;

    @Bean
    public ZuulFilterInitializer zuulFilterInitializer(CounterFactory counterFactory,
            TracerFactory tracerFactory) {
        FilterLoader filterLoader = FilterLoader.getInstance();
        FilterRegistry filterRegistry = FilterRegistry.instance();
        return new ZuulFilterInitializer(this.filters, counterFactory, tracerFactory,
                filterLoader, filterRegistry);
    }
}
...

    如下List-3,

  1. FilterRegistry是属性类型,contextInitialized方法上加了@PostConstruct,所以Spring创建这个Bean之后就会调用这个方法,遍历filters之后,放入filterRegistry中,filterRegistry中有个ConcurrentHashMap类型的属性,这些filter就是放入这个ConcurrentHashMap中。

  2. 方法contextDestroyed上加了@PreDestroy注解,之后遍历filters,将其从filterRegistry中移除。

    List-3

public class ZuulFilterInitializer {
	private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ZuulFilterInitializer.class);
	private final Map filters;
	private final CounterFactory counterFactory;
	private final TracerFactory tracerFactory;
	private final FilterLoader filterLoader;
	private final FilterRegistry filterRegistry;

	public ZuulFilterInitializer(Map filters,
			CounterFactory counterFactory, TracerFactory tracerFactory,
			FilterLoader filterLoader, FilterRegistry filterRegistry) {
		this.filters = filters;
		this.counterFactory = counterFactory;
		this.tracerFactory = tracerFactory;
		this.filterLoader = filterLoader;
		this.filterRegistry = filterRegistry;
	}

	@PostConstruct
	public void contextInitialized() {
		log.info("Starting filter initializer");

		TracerFactory.initialize(tracerFactory);
		CounterFactory.initialize(counterFactory);

		for (Map.Entry entry : this.filters.entrySet()) {
			filterRegistry.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
		}
	}

	@PreDestroy
	public void contextDestroyed() {
		log.info("Stopping filter initializer");
		for (Map.Entry entry : this.filters.entrySet()) {
			filterRegistry.remove(entry.getKey());
		}
		clearLoaderCache();

		TracerFactory.initialize(null);
		CounterFactory.initialize(null);
	}
...

    默认会将ZuulServlet或者ZuulServletFilter注入到Spring容器中,如下如果设置zuul.use-filter为true,那么使用的是ZuulServletFilter,默认没有设置zuul.use-filter,所以使用的是ZuulServlet,如下List-4,ZuulServlet继承了HttpServlet,是个Servlet,之后交给ServletRegistrationBean,将这个ZuulServlet放入到web容器中。

    List-4

...
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "zuulServlet")
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "zuul.use-filter", havingValue = "false", matchIfMissing = true)
public ServletRegistrationBean zuulServlet() {
    ServletRegistrationBean servlet = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(
            new ZuulServlet(), this.zuulProperties.getServletPattern());
    // The whole point of exposing this servlet is to provide a route that doesn't
    // buffer requests.
    servlet.addInitParameter("buffer-requests", "false");
    return servlet;
}

@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "zuulServletFilter")
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "zuul.use-filter", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = false)
public FilterRegistrationBean zuulServletFilter() {
    final FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistration = new FilterRegistrationBean<>();
    filterRegistration.setUrlPatterns(
            Collections.singleton(this.zuulProperties.getServletPattern()));
    filterRegistration.setFilter(new ZuulServletFilter());
    filterRegistration.setOrder(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE);
    // The whole point of exposing this servlet is to provide a route that doesn't
    // buffer requests.
    filterRegistration.addInitParameter("buffer-requests", "false");
    return filterRegistration;
}
...

    ZuulServlet的service方法如下,首先会调用preRoute()方法,之后调用route(),最后是postRoute(),preRoute方法调用了zuulRunner.preRoute(),ZuulRunner的preRoute()方法里面调用了FilterProcessor.getInstance().preRoute(),再深入FilterProcessor的preRoute方法,

    List-5

public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException {
    try {
        this.init((HttpServletRequest)servletRequest, (HttpServletResponse)servletResponse);
        RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
        context.setZuulEngineRan();

        try {
            this.preRoute();
        } catch (ZuulException var13) {
            this.error(var13);
            this.postRoute();
            return;
        }

        try {
            this.route();
        } catch (ZuulException var12) {
            this.error(var12);
            this.postRoute();
            return;
        }

        try {
            this.postRoute();
        } catch (ZuulException var11) {
            this.error(var11);
        }
    } catch (Throwable var14) {
        this.error(new ZuulException(var14, 500, "UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION_" + var14.getClass().getName()));
    } finally {
        RequestContext.getCurrentContext().unset();
    }
}

void postRoute() throws ZuulException {
    this.zuulRunner.postRoute();
}

void route() throws ZuulException {
    this.zuulRunner.route();
}

void preRoute() throws ZuulException {
    this.zuulRunner.preRoute();
}

    FilterProcessor的preRoute()里面的代码如下List-6,调用runFilters方法,从FilterRegistry取出所有filterType是pre的所有ZuulFilter,之后进行排序,之后逐个调用ZuulFilter的runFilter方法——在方法processZuulFilter里面。ZuulFilter是个抽象类,runFilter方法里面调用了run方法,run方法是抽象方法,由我们自定义实现,如下List-7所示,

    List-6

...
public void preRoute() throws ZuulException {
    try {
        this.runFilters("pre");
    } catch (ZuulException var2) {
        throw var2;
    } catch (Throwable var3) {
        throw new ZuulException(var3, 500, "UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTION_IN_PRE_FILTER_" + var3.getClass().getName());
    }
}

public Object runFilters(String sType) throws Throwable {
    if (RequestContext.getCurrentContext().debugRouting()) {
        Debug.addRoutingDebug("Invoking {" + sType + "} type filters");
    }

    boolean bResult = false;
    List list = FilterLoader.getInstance().getFiltersByType(sType);
    if (list != null) {
        for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
            ZuulFilter zuulFilter = (ZuulFilter)list.get(i);
            Object result = this.processZuulFilter(zuulFilter);
            if (result != null && result instanceof Boolean) {
                bResult |= (Boolean)result;
            }
        }
    }

    return bResult;
}

public Object processZuulFilter(ZuulFilter filter) throws ZuulException {
    RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
    boolean bDebug = ctx.debugRouting();
    String metricPrefix = "zuul.filter-";
    long execTime = 0L;
    String filterName = "";

    try {
        long ltime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        filterName = filter.getClass().getSimpleName();
        RequestContext copy = null;
        Object o = null;
        Throwable t = null;
        if (bDebug) {
            Debug.addRoutingDebug("Filter " + filter.filterType() + " " + filter.filterOrder() + " " + filterName);
            copy = ctx.copy();
        }

        ZuulFilterResult result = filter.runFilter();
        ExecutionStatus s = result.getStatus();
        execTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - ltime;
        switch(s) {
        case FAILED:
            t = result.getException();
            ctx.addFilterExecutionSummary(filterName, ExecutionStatus.FAILED.name(), execTime);
            break;
        case SUCCESS:
            o = result.getResult();
            ctx.addFilterExecutionSummary(filterName, ExecutionStatus.SUCCESS.name(), execTime);
            if (bDebug) {
                Debug.addRoutingDebug("Filter {" + filterName + " TYPE:" + filter.filterType() + " ORDER:" + filter.filterOrder() + "} Execution time = " + execTime + "ms");
                Debug.compareContextState(filterName, copy);
            }
        }

        if (t != null) {
            throw t;
        } else {
            this.usageNotifier.notify(filter, s);
            return o;
        }
    } catch (Throwable var15) {
        if (bDebug) {
            Debug.addRoutingDebug("Running Filter failed " + filterName + " type:" + filter.filterType() + " order:" + filter.filterOrder() + " " + var15.getMessage());
        }

        this.usageNotifier.notify(filter, ExecutionStatus.FAILED);
        if (var15 instanceof ZuulException) {
            throw (ZuulException)var15;
        } else {
            ZuulException ex = new ZuulException(var15, "Filter threw Exception", 500, filter.filterType() + ":" + filterName);
            ctx.addFilterExecutionSummary(filterName, ExecutionStatus.FAILED.name(), execTime);
            throw ex;
        }
    }
}
...

    如下List-7所示,用try catch方式来调用run方法,如果run方法抛出异常,则视为失败,将ZuulFilterResult的ExecutionStatus设置为FAILED,所以我们实现的run方法返回什么值并不重要,重要的是不抛出异常,如果抛出异常则视为处理失败。

    List-7

public ZuulFilterResult runFilter() {
    ZuulFilterResult zr = new ZuulFilterResult();
    if (!this.isFilterDisabled()) {
        if (this.shouldFilter()) {
            Tracer t = TracerFactory.instance().startMicroTracer("ZUUL::" + this.getClass().getSimpleName());

            try {
                Object res = this.run();
                zr = new ZuulFilterResult(res, ExecutionStatus.SUCCESS);
            } catch (Throwable var7) {
                t.setName("ZUUL::" + this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " failed");
                zr = new ZuulFilterResult(ExecutionStatus.FAILED);
                zr.setException(var7);
            } finally {
                t.stopAndLog();
            }
        } else {
            zr = new ZuulFilterResult(ExecutionStatus.SKIPPED);
        }
    }
    return zr;
}

    要注意的是,上面中涉及到的FilterRegistry引用的都是同一个静态变量,所以各个调用关系见不显示的传递,依然能确保线程安全。

private static final FilterRegistry INSTANCE = new FilterRegistry();

    需要注意的是,ZuulServlet和ZuulServletFilter处理的是url为/zuul/*的请求,可以看List-4的this.zuulProperties.getServletPattern(),它的值就是/zuul,之后用ServletRegistration.Dynamic的addMapping方法加上处理的url为/zuul/*的。

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