KubernetesScheduler的NominatedPods是什么
这篇文章主要介绍“Kubernetes Scheduler的NominatedPods是什么”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在Kubernetes Scheduler的NominatedPods是什么问题上存在疑惑,小编查阅了各式资料,整理出简单好用的操作方法,希望对大家解答”Kubernetes Scheduler的NominatedPods是什么”的疑惑有所帮助!接下来,请跟着小编一起来学习吧!
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NominatedPods是什么?
当enable PodPriority feature gate后,scheduler会在集群资源资源不足时为preemptor抢占低优先级的Pods(成为victims)的资源,然后preemptor会再次入调度队列,等待下次victims的优雅终止并进行下一次调度。
为了尽量避免从preemptor抢占资源到真正再次执行调度这个时间段的scheduler能感知到那些资源已经被抢占,在scheduler调度其他更低优先级的Pods时考虑这些资源已经被抢占,因此在抢占阶段,为给preemptor设置pod.Status.NominatedNodeName
,表示在NominatedNodeName上发生了抢占,preemptor期望调度在该node上。
PriorityQueue中缓存了每个node上的NominatedPods,这些NominatedPods表示已经被该node提名的,期望调度在该node上的,但是又还没最终成功调度过来的Pods。
抢占调度时发生了什么?
我们来重点关注下scheduler进行preempt时相关的流程。
func (sched *Scheduler) preempt(preemptor *v1.Pod, scheduleErr error) (string, error) { ... node, victims, nominatedPodsToClear, err := sched.config.Algorithm.Preempt(preemptor, sched.config.NodeLister, scheduleErr) ... var nodeName = "" if node != nil { nodeName = node.Name err = sched.config.PodPreemptor.SetNominatedNodeName(preemptor, nodeName) if err != nil { glog.Errorf("Error in preemption process. Cannot update pod %v annotations: %v", preemptor.Name, err) return "", err } ... } // Clearing nominated pods should happen outside of "if node != nil". Node could // be nil when a pod with nominated node name is eligible to preempt again, // but preemption logic does not find any node for it. In that case Preempt() // function of generic_scheduler.go returns the pod itself for removal of the annotation. for _, p := range nominatedPodsToClear { rErr := sched.config.PodPreemptor.RemoveNominatedNodeName(p) if rErr != nil { glog.Errorf("Cannot remove nominated node annotation of pod: %v", rErr) // We do not return as this error is not critical. } } return nodeName, err }
invoke ScheduleAlgorithm.Preempt进行资源抢占,返回抢占发生的node,victims,nominatedPodsToClear。
func (g *genericScheduler) Preempt(pod *v1.Pod, nodeLister algorithm.NodeLister, scheduleErr error) (*v1.Node, []*v1.Pod, []*v1.Pod, error) { ... candidateNode := pickOneNodeForPreemption(nodeToVictims) if candidateNode == nil { return nil, nil, nil, err } nominatedPods := g.getLowerPriorityNominatedPods(pod, candidateNode.Name) if nodeInfo, ok := g.cachedNodeInfoMap[candidateNode.Name]; ok { return nodeInfo.Node(), nodeToVictims[candidateNode].Pods, nominatedPods, err } return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf( "preemption failed: the target node %s has been deleted from scheduler cache", candidateNode.Name) } func (g *genericScheduler) getLowerPriorityNominatedPods(pod *v1.Pod, nodeName string) []*v1.Pod { pods := g.schedulingQueue.WaitingPodsForNode(nodeName) if len(pods) == 0 { return nil } var lowerPriorityPods []*v1.Pod podPriority := util.GetPodPriority(pod) for _, p := range pods { if util.GetPodPriority(p) < podPriority { lowerPriorityPods = append(lowerPriorityPods, p) } } return lowerPriorityPods }
node:抢占发生的最佳node;
victims:待删除的pods,以释放资源给preemptor;
nominatedPodsToClear:那些将要被删除
.Status.NominatedNodeName
的Pods列表,这些Pods是首先是属于PriorityQueue中的nominatedPods Cache中的Pods,并且他们的Pod Priority要低于preemptor Pod Priority,意味着这些nominatedPods已经不再适合调度到之前抢占时选择的这个node上了。如果抢占成功(node非空),则调用
podPreemptor.SetNominatedNodeName
设置preemptor的.Status.NominatedNodeName
为该node name,表示该preemptor期望抢占在该node上。func (p *podPreemptor) SetNominatedNodeName(pod *v1.Pod, nominatedNodeName string) error { podCopy := pod.DeepCopy() podCopy.Status.NominatedNodeName = nominatedNodeName _, err := p.Client.CoreV1().Pods(pod.Namespace).UpdateStatus(podCopy) return err }
无论抢占是否成功(node是否为空),nominatedPodsToClear都可能不为空,都需要遍历nominatedPodsToClear内的所有Pods,调用
podPreemptor.RemoveNominatedNodeName
将其.Status.NominatedNodeName
设置为空。func (p *podPreemptor) RemoveNominatedNodeName(pod *v1.Pod) error { if len(pod.Status.NominatedNodeName) == 0 { return nil } return p.SetNominatedNodeName(pod, "") }
Preemptor抢占成功后,发生了什么?
Premmptor抢占成功后,该Pod会被再次加入到PriorityQueue中的Unschedulable Sub-Queue队列中,等待条件再次出发调度。关于这部分内容更深入的解读,请参考我的博客深入分析Kubernetes Scheduler的优先级队列。preemptor再次会通过podFitsOnNode对node进行predicate逻辑处理。
func podFitsOnNode( pod *v1.Pod, meta algorithm.PredicateMetadata, info *schedulercache.NodeInfo, predicateFuncs map[string]algorithm.FitPredicate, ecache *EquivalenceCache, queue SchedulingQueue, alwaysCheckAllPredicates bool, equivCacheInfo *equivalenceClassInfo, ) (bool, []algorithm.PredicateFailureReason, error) { var ( eCacheAvailable bool failedPredicates []algorithm.PredicateFailureReason ) predicateResults := make(map[string]HostPredicate) podsAdded := false for i := 0; i < 2; i++ { metaToUse := meta nodeInfoToUse := info if i == 0 { podsAdded, metaToUse, nodeInfoToUse = addNominatedPods(util.GetPodPriority(pod), meta, info, queue) } else if !podsAdded || len(failedPredicates) != 0 { // 有问题吧?应该是podsAdded,而不是!podsAdded break } // Bypass eCache if node has any nominated pods. // TODO(bsalamat): consider using eCache and adding proper eCache invalidations // when pods are nominated or their nominations change. eCacheAvailable = equivCacheInfo != nil && !podsAdded for _, predicateKey := range predicates.Ordering() { var ( fit bool reasons []algorithm.PredicateFailureReason err error ) func() { var invalid bool if eCacheAvailable { ... } if !eCacheAvailable || invalid { // we need to execute predicate functions since equivalence cache does not work fit, reasons, err = predicate(pod, metaToUse, nodeInfoToUse) if err != nil { return } ... } }() ... } } } return len(failedPredicates) == 0, failedPredicates, nil }
一共会尝试进行两次predicate:
第一次predicate时,调用
addNominatedPods
,遍历PriorityQueue nominatedPods中所有Pods,将那些PodPriority大于等于该调度Pod的优先级的所有nominatedPods添加到SchedulerCache的NodeInfo中,意味着调度该pod时要考虑这些高优先级nominatedPods进行预选,比如要减去它们的resourceRequest等,并更新到PredicateMetadata中,接着执行正常的predicate逻辑。第二次predicate时,如果前面的predicate逻辑有失败的情况,或者前面的podsAdded为false(如果在
addNominatedPods
时,发现该node对应nominatedPods cache是空的,那么返回值podAdded为false),那么第二次predicate立马结束,并不会触发真正的predicate逻辑。第二次predicate时,如果前面的predicate逻辑都成功,并且podAdded为true的情况下,那么需要触发真正的第二次predicate逻辑,因为nominatedPods的添加成功,可能会Inter-Pod Affinity会影响predicate结果。
下面是addNominatedPods的代码,负责生成临时的schedulercache.NodeInfo和algorithm.PredicateMetadata,提供给具体的predicate Function进行预选处理。
// addNominatedPods adds pods with equal or greater priority which are nominated // to run on the node given in nodeInfo to meta and nodeInfo. It returns 1) whether // any pod was found, 2) augmented meta data, 3) augmented nodeInfo. func addNominatedPods(podPriority int32, meta algorithm.PredicateMetadata, nodeInfo *schedulercache.NodeInfo, queue SchedulingQueue) (bool, algorithm.PredicateMetadata, *schedulercache.NodeInfo) { if queue == nil || nodeInfo == nil || nodeInfo.Node() == nil { // This may happen only in tests. return false, meta, nodeInfo } nominatedPods := queue.WaitingPodsForNode(nodeInfo.Node().Name) if nominatedPods == nil || len(nominatedPods) == 0 { return false, meta, nodeInfo } var metaOut algorithm.PredicateMetadata if meta != nil { metaOut = meta.ShallowCopy() } nodeInfoOut := nodeInfo.Clone() for _, p := range nominatedPods { if util.GetPodPriority(p) >= podPriority { nodeInfoOut.AddPod(p) if metaOut != nil { metaOut.AddPod(p, nodeInfoOut) } } } return true, metaOut, nodeInfoOut } // WaitingPodsForNode returns pods that are nominated to run on the given node, // but they are waiting for other pods to be removed from the node before they // can be actually scheduled. func (p *PriorityQueue) WaitingPodsForNode(nodeName string) []*v1.Pod { p.lock.RLock() defer p.lock.RUnlock() if list, ok := p.nominatedPods[nodeName]; ok { return list } return nil }
addNominatedPods的逻辑如下:
调用WaitingPodsForNode获取PriorityQueue中的该node上的nominatedPods cache数据,如果nominatedPods为空,则返回podAdded为false,addNominatedPods流程结束。
克隆出PredicateMeta和NodeInfo对象,遍历nominatedPods,逐个将优先级不低于待调度pod的nominated pod加到克隆出来的NodeInfo对象中,并更新到克隆出来的PredicateMeta对象中。这些克隆出来的NodeInfo和PredicateMeta对象,最终会传入到predicate Functions中进行预选处理。遍历完成后,返回podAdded(true)和NodeInfo和PredicateMeta对象。
如何维护PriorityQueue NominatedPods Cache
深入分析Kubernetes Scheduler的优先级队列中分析了scheduler中podInformer、nodeInformer、serviceInformer、pvcInformer等注册的EventHandler中对PriorityQueue的操作,其中跟NominatedPods相关的EventHandler如下。
Add Pod to PriorityQueue
当往PriorityQueue中active queue添加Pod后,会调用addNominatedPodIfNeeded相应的将待添加的pod先从PriorityQueue nominatedPods Cache中删除,删除后再重新添加到nominatedPods cache中。
// Add adds a pod to the active queue. It should be called only when a new pod // is added so there is no chance the pod is already in either queue. func (p *PriorityQueue) Add(pod *v1.Pod) error { p.lock.Lock() defer p.lock.Unlock() err := p.activeQ.Add(pod) if err != nil { glog.Errorf("Error adding pod %v to the scheduling queue: %v", pod.Name, err) } else { if p.unschedulableQ.get(pod) != nil { glog.Errorf("Error: pod %v is already in the unschedulable queue.", pod.Name) p.deleteNominatedPodIfExists(pod) p.unschedulableQ.delete(pod) } p.addNominatedPodIfNeeded(pod) p.cond.Broadcast() } return err } func (p *PriorityQueue) addNominatedPodIfNeeded(pod *v1.Pod) { nnn := NominatedNodeName(pod) if len(nnn) > 0 { for _, np := range p.nominatedPods[nnn] { if np.UID == pod.UID { glog.Errorf("Pod %v/%v already exists in the nominated map!", pod.Namespace, pod.Name) return } } p.nominatedPods[nnn] = append(p.nominatedPods[nnn], pod) } }
当往PriorityQueue中unSchedulableQ queue添加Pod后,会调用addNominatedPodIfNeeded相应的将待添加的pod添加/更新到PriorityQueue nominatedPods Cache中。
func (p *PriorityQueue) AddUnschedulableIfNotPresent(pod *v1.Pod) error { p.lock.Lock() defer p.lock.Unlock() if p.unschedulableQ.get(pod) != nil { return fmt.Errorf("pod is already present in unschedulableQ") } if _, exists, _ := p.activeQ.Get(pod); exists { return fmt.Errorf("pod is already present in the activeQ") } if !p.receivedMoveRequest && isPodUnschedulable(pod) { p.unschedulableQ.addOrUpdate(pod) p.addNominatedPodIfNeeded(pod) return nil } err := p.activeQ.Add(pod) if err == nil { p.addNominatedPodIfNeeded(pod) p.cond.Broadcast() } return err }
注意将pod添加到nominatedPods cache中的前提是该pod的
.Status.NominatedNodeName
不为空。
Update Pod in PriorityQueue
当更新PriorityQueue中Pod后,会接着调用updateNominatedPod更新PriorityQueue中nominatedPods Cache。
// Update updates a pod in the active queue if present. Otherwise, it removes // the item from the unschedulable queue and adds the updated one to the active // queue. func (p *PriorityQueue) Update(oldPod, newPod *v1.Pod) error { p.lock.Lock() defer p.lock.Unlock() // If the pod is already in the active queue, just update it there. if _, exists, _ := p.activeQ.Get(newPod); exists { p.updateNominatedPod(oldPod, newPod) err := p.activeQ.Update(newPod) return err } // If the pod is in the unschedulable queue, updating it may make it schedulable. if usPod := p.unschedulableQ.get(newPod); usPod != nil { p.updateNominatedPod(oldPod, newPod) if isPodUpdated(oldPod, newPod) { p.unschedulableQ.delete(usPod) err := p.activeQ.Add(newPod) if err == nil { p.cond.Broadcast() } return err } p.unschedulableQ.addOrUpdate(newPod) return nil } // If pod is not in any of the two queue, we put it in the active queue. err := p.activeQ.Add(newPod) if err == nil { p.addNominatedPodIfNeeded(newPod) p.cond.Broadcast() } return err }
updateNominatedPod更新PriorityQueue nominatedPods Cache的逻辑是:先删除oldPod,再添加newPod进去。
// updateNominatedPod updates a pod in the nominatedPods. func (p *PriorityQueue) updateNominatedPod(oldPod, newPod *v1.Pod) { // Even if the nominated node name of the Pod is not changed, we must delete and add it again // to ensure that its pointer is updated. p.deleteNominatedPodIfExists(oldPod) p.addNominatedPodIfNeeded(newPod) }
Delete Pod from PriorityQueue
当从PriorityQueue中删除Pod前,会先调用deleteNominatedPodIfExists从PriorityQueue nominatedPods cache中删除该pod。
// Delete deletes the item from either of the two queues. It assumes the pod is // only in one queue. func (p *PriorityQueue) Delete(pod *v1.Pod) error { p.lock.Lock() defer p.lock.Unlock() p.deleteNominatedPodIfExists(pod) err := p.activeQ.Delete(pod) if err != nil { // The item was probably not found in the activeQ. p.unschedulableQ.delete(pod) } return nil }
deleteNominatedPodIfExists时,先检查该pod的.Status.NominatedNodeName
是否为空:
如果为空,则不做任何操作,直接return结束流程。
如果不为空,则遍历nominatedPods cache,一旦找到UID匹配的pod,就说明nominatedPods中存在该pod,然后就从cache中删除该pod。如果删除后,发现该pod对应的NominatedNode上没有nominatePods了,则把整个node的nominatedPods从map cache中删除。
func (p *PriorityQueue) deleteNominatedPodIfExists(pod *v1.Pod) { nnn := NominatedNodeName(pod) if len(nnn) > 0 { for i, np := range p.nominatedPods[nnn] { if np.UID == pod.UID { p.nominatedPods[nnn] = append(p.nominatedPods[nnn][:i], p.nominatedPods[nnn][i+1:]...) if len(p.nominatedPods[nnn]) == 0 { delete(p.nominatedPods, nnn) } break } } } }
到此,关于“Kubernetes Scheduler的NominatedPods是什么”的学习就结束了,希望能够解决大家的疑惑。理论与实践的搭配能更好的帮助大家学习,快去试试吧!若想继续学习更多相关知识,请继续关注创新互联网站,小编会继续努力为大家带来更多实用的文章!
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