Linux7.8下静默安装oracle11.2

一、使用脚本初始化环境

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脚本如下：（标红处修改对应的配置需求）

#!/bin/bash

#1.配置主机名/etc/hosts 并关闭防火墙及selinux

echo ' 172.168.0.xx linux.tk ' /etc/hosts

#注意修改为服务器的ip和主机名

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

setenforce 0

#sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

#2.安装相关软件包

yum -y install telnet vim lszrz gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel

elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat

unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel wget unzip

#3.配置内核参数

echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048576" /etc/sysctl.conf

sysctl -p

#4.oracle用户资源限制

echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" /etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" /etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle soft nofile 4096" /etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" /etc/security/limits.conf

#5.登录配置

echo "session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so" /etc/pam.d/login

echo "session required pam_limits.so" /etc/pam.d/login

#改授权

echo "if [ $USER = 'oracle' ];then" /etc/profile

echo "if [ $SHELL = '/bin/ksh' ];then" /etc/profile

echo "ulimit -p 16384" /etc/profile

echo "ulimit -n 65536" /etc/profile

echo "else" /etc/profile

echo "ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536" /etc/profile

echo "fi" /etc/profile

echo "fi" /etc/profile

source /etc/profile

#6.创建用户组和用户

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

groupadd oper

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle

#7.创建相关目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app

#8.配置oracle用户环境变量

echo "ORACLE_SID=ora; export ORACLE_SID" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

#sid指定为现场的sid

echo "ORACLE_BASE= /u01/app/oracle ; export ORACLE_BASE" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/ product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ; export ORACLE_HOME" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/bin " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export PATH " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export CLASSPATH" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG" /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export nls_date_format " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export TEMP=/tmp " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "export TMPDIR=/tmp " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

echo "umask 022 " /home/oracle/.bash_profile

source ~/.bash_profile

二、上传或者下载oracle安装包并解压，例如放置在/opt/目录下

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

直接在目录解压，会在当前目录中生成database目录

三、修改应答文件安装数据库软件

修改前建议先备份下

cp /opt/database/response/*.rsp /opt/database/rspbak

3.1、生成修改响应文件（/opt/database/response/db_install.rsp）

备注：清空源文件，复制粘贴如下内容（标红处需要修改对应的设置需求）：

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME= linux.tk

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION= /u01/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

ORACLE_BASE= /u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false

oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:10.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES

3.2、开始安装

1）、用oracle用户登录操作

# su - oracle

$ cd /opt/database

$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/db_install.rsp

2）、在安装过程中可以新开会话，使用tailf 命令查看进度

# tailf /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2022-XX-XX_03-28-06PM.log

提示安装结束，需要在root用户执行两个脚本，如下：

# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

四、修改应答文件安装数据库实例（/opt/database/response/dbca.rsp）

安装实例前，需要新建一个实例存放的目录（/home/OracleData/），如下：

# mkdir /home/OracleData

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/OracleData/

4.1、修改应答文件

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

[CREATEDATABASE]

GDBNAME = "ora"

SID = "ora"

TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

SYSPASSWORD = "***012"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "***012"

DATAFILEDESTINATION = /home/OracleData/

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION = /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TOTALMEMORY = "2048"

4.2、建实例,登录oracle用户

# su - oracle

$ dbca -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp

此安装过程是有进度显示，不用tailf查看，不过也可以查看对应的log日志查看进度

4.3、删除实例

编辑应答文件

#vim /opt/database/response/del_dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "deleteDatabase"

[DELETEDATABASE]

SOURCEDB = "ora "

$ dbca -silent -responseFile del_dbca.rsp

五、启动监听，配置自启动等

5.1、启动监听

# su – oracle

$ lsnrctl start

查看状态 lsnrctl status

# netstat -tnulp | grep 1521

# ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

5.2、设置自启动

修改vim /etc/oratab 如下

ora:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1: Y

5.3、修改dbstart文件

vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart

将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1

修改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

5.4、将dbstart加入开机自启动，/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加

su - oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart

赋权限 chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

5.3、登录数据库设置权限等

sqlplus / as sysdba

startup;

alter system register;

create user ora identified by ***012;

grant dba to ora;

exit

六、远程连接数据库

6.1、开放1521端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent

firewall-cmd –reload

firewall-cmd --list-ports

oracle11g如何静默安装

首先，否定楼上说法。静默安装甚至于用脚本结合响应文件实现静默自动安装都是可以实现的，你可以参照下面这篇文章作为入门。

oracle 静默安装是什么意思，OracleXEUniv.exe不能直接安装吗？

静默安装指的是不需要值守和输入各项安装参数的安装方式,其实是将安全的参数都指定到一个文件里了,其实意义不大,因为Oracle的OUI安装并不复杂，而且你也不会大规模的安装很多个Oracle。

oracle实例静默安装

切入到oracle用户下

进入/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca

目录，vim编辑静默安装文件dbca.rsp

主要配置[GENERAL][CREATEDATABASE]这2个模块下的配置即可

执行如下命令安装

dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp

安装完成，lsnrctl status检查监听吧。

oracle静默安装时 /runInstaller 也没报错，就是安不了怎么回事

此错误是因为安装Oracle的用户（一般是oracle用户），没有权限调用图形界面，只需退出oracle用户，在root下执行xhost +命令，然后再进入oracle用户重新运行./runInstaller即可 [root@wyzc ~]# xhost + [root@wyzc ~]# su - oracle。

oracle11 静默安装好吗

oracle 11gR2

1、数据库安装环境准备

1）编辑/etc/sysctl.con

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Enter the following command to change the current values of the kernel parameters:

# /sbin/sysctl -p

2）编辑/etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

3）创建oracle用户，组

groupadd install;

groupadd oper;

groupadd dba;

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

passwd oracle

4) oracle相关 环境变量设置

.bash_profile文件中加入如下内容：

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2/db_1

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin

保存后使环境变量生效。

. .bash_profile

5）创建安装目录

# mkdir /opt/app

#chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/app

2、准备静默安装响应文件

1)利用图形化界面生成rsp文件

运行到oracle 安装目录下

./runInstaller

到最后快filish的时候点击 Save Response File 按钮制定db.rsp文件存放路径；最后cancel安装界面。

2)如果不能执行图形化界面录制，可以通过编辑现有的rsp文件

打开安装文件路径找到response文件夹里面的 db_install.rsp文件。

根据文件提示修改相关内容，一般是安装组，ORACLE_HOME,ORACLE_BASE 路径等信息。

3、执行静默安装操作

1）开始静默安装

$ ./runInstaller -silent -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/db.rsp

2）查看安装过程

可以到/opt/app/oraInventory/logs 目录下查看安装进度。

tail -100f installActions2012-03-13_10-36-42AM.log

3）安装成功提示执行脚本

到最后提示：

/opt/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue

Successfully Setup Software.

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