LAMP架构中Apache服务基于IP的虚拟主机配置的示例分析
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基于IP的虚拟主机配置
基于IP的虚拟主机————就是说每个虚拟主机使用一个独立的IP地址
服务器配置多块网卡实现，或者同一块网卡配置多个IP实现都可以
今天模拟的环境是同一网卡配置多个IP地址实现基于IP的虚拟主机配置
一：新增IP地址
[root@Centos ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AA:CA:2B
inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feaa:ca2b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2345 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:694 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:224750 (219.4 KiB) TX bytes:92020 (89.8 KiB)
在eth0上新增一个IP地址用于测试使用
[root@Centos ~]# ifconfig eth0:20 192.168.1.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@Centos ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AA:CA:2B
inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feaa:ca2b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2468 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:767 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:235882 (230.3 KiB) TX bytes:100158 (97.8 KiB)
eth0:20 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AA:CA:2B
inet addr:192.168.1.20 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
二：联通性测试
在本地客户端主机上测试联通性
C:\Users\Administrator>ping 192.168.1.20
正在 Ping 192.168.1.20 具有 32 字节的数据:
来自 192.168.1.20 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.1.20 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.1.20 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.1.20 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
192.168.1.20 的 Ping 统计信息:
数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
最短 = 0ms，最长 = 0ms，平均 = 0ms
三：备份虚拟主机配置文件
提示：生产环境一定要养成良好的习惯
[root@Centos ~]# cd /application/apache/conf/extra/
[root@Centos extra]# cp httpd-vhosts.conf httpd-vhosts.conf.$(date +%F)
[root@Centos extra]# ls -ll
total 76
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2895 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-autoindex.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1852 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-dav.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2942 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-default.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1119 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-info.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5078 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-languages.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1039 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-manual.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4444 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-mpm.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2243 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 13506 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-ssl.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 694 Sep 12 03:30 httpd-userdir.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1037 Sep 13 06:35 httpd-vhosts.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1481 Sep 13 06:28 httpd-vhosts.conf.2016-09-13
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1037 Sep 15 02:04 httpd-vhosts.conf.2016-09-15
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3161 Sep 12 03:30 proxy-html.conf
四：配置虚拟主机配置文件
[root@Centos extra]# vi httpd-vhosts.conf
# Virtual Hosts
#
# Required modules: mod_log_config
# If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your
# machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations
# use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about
# IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.
#
# Please see the documentation at
#
# for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.
#
# You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host
# configuration.
#
# VirtualHost example:
# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.
# The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not
# match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any
#
ServerAdmin admini@abc.com
DocumentRoot "/data/www/bbs"
ServerName 192.168.1.20
ServerAlias abc.com
ErrorLog "logs/bbs-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/bbs-access_log" common
上面的标记部分为修改的配置
[root@Centos extra]# ../../bin/apachectl graceful
httpd not running, trying to start
发现httpd服务并没有开机自启动
检查发现/etc/init.d/下没有httpd服务
[root@Centos extra]# cd /etc/init.d/
[root@Centos init.d]# ls
abrt-ccpp crond killall ntpd rpcgssd sshd
abrtd cups lvm2-lvmetad ntpdate rpcidmapd sssd
abrt-oops DNSmasq lvm2-monitor oddjobd rpcsvcgssd sysstat
acpid firstboot mdmonitor portreserve rsyslog udev-post
atd functions messagebus postfix sandbox wdaemon
auditd haldaemon netconsole psacct saslauthd winbind
autofs halt netfs quota_nld single wpa_supplicant
blk-availability ip6tables network rdisc smartd ypbind
bluetooth iptables NetworkManager restorecond snmpd
certmonger irqbalance nfs rngd snmptrapd
cpuspeed kdump nfslock rpcbind spice-vdagentd
[root@Centos init.d]# cp /application/apache/bin/apachectl ./httpd
不支持chkconfig
[root@Centos init.d]# chkconfig --add httpd
service httpd does not support chkconfig
因此编辑下面的文件，增加如下配置
[root@Centos init.d]# vi /etc/init.d/httpd
#!/bin/sh
#
#chkconfig:345 85 15
#description:Start and stop the Apache HTTP Server
[root@Centos init.d]# chkconfig --add httpd 加入启动
[root@Centos init.d]# chkconfig --list httpd 查看启动情况
httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@Centos init.d]# cd -
/application/apache/conf/extra
[root@Centos extra]# ../../bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@Centos extra]# ../../bin/apachectl graceful
[root@Centos extra]# lsof -i tcp:80
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd 2390 root 4u IPv6 16911 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 2531 daemon 4u IPv6 16911 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 2532 daemon 4u IPv6 16911 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 2533 daemon 4u IPv6 16911 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
[root@Centos extra]# ps -ef |grep httpd
root 2390 1 0 02:08 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k graceful
daemon 2531 2390 0 02:22 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k graceful
daemon 2532 2390 0 02:22 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k graceful
daemon 2533 2390 0 02:22 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k graceful
root 2623 1934 0 02:24 pts/1 00:00:00 grep httpd
五：测试访问
[root@Centos extra]# echo '192.168.1.20:80 this server is the server of bbs stie'>>/data/www/bbs/index.html
[root@Centos extra]# cat /data/www/bbs/index.html
welcome to bbs.abc.com
192.168.1.20:80 this server is the server of bbs stie
打开本地客户端浏览器
经测试表示之前的配置是正确的，同样的方法可以配置多个基于IP的虚拟主机
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