nginx反向代理概述及部署
下文给大家带来nginx反向代理概述及部署,希望能够给大家在实际运用中带来一定的帮助,负载均衡涉及的东西比较多,理论也不多,网上有很多书籍,今天我们就用创新互联在行业内累计的经验来做一个解答。
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1.反向代理概述
反向代理(Reverse Proxy)方式是指以代理云服务器来接受internet上的连接请求,然后将请求转发给内部网络上的服务器,并将从服务器上得到的结果返回给internet上请求连接的客户端,此时代理服务器对外就表现为一个反向代理服务器。
环境准备:
主机名 | IP地址 | 角色 | 系统 |
---|---|---|---|
web-node1.com | eth0:192.168.90.201 | web-node1节点 | CentOS7.2 |
web-node2.com | eth0:192.168.90.202 | web-node2节点 | CentOS7.2 |
lb-node1.com | eth0:192.168.90.203 | Nginx反向代理 | CentOS7.2 |
2.Node节点部署
在两台web-node节点中均使用Yum安装一个Apache用于做真实机,监听8080端口
web-node1.com部署
[root@web-node1 ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm [root@web-node1 ~]# yum install -y gcc glibc gcc-c++ make screen tree lrzsz ##部署web-node1 httpd服务 [root@web-node1 ~]# yum install -y httpd [root@web-node1 ~]# sed -i 's/Listen 80/Listen 8080/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf [root@web-node1 ~]# systemctl start httpd [root@web-node1 ~]# echo "web-node1.com" > /var/www/html/index.html [root@web-node1 ~]# curl http://192.168.90.201:8080/ web-node1.com
web-node2.com部署
[root@web-node1 ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm [root@web-node1 ~]# yum install -y gcc glibc gcc-c++ make screen tree lrzsz ##部署web-node2 httpd服务 [root@web-node1 ~]# yum install -y httpd [root@web-node1 ~]# sed -i 's/Listen 80/Listen 8080/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf [root@web-node1 ~]# systemctl start httpd [root@web-node1 ~]# echo "web-node2.com" > /var/www/html/index.html [root@web-node1 ~]# curl http://192.168.90.202:8080/ web-node2.com
3.反向代理部署
Nginx 源码编译安装,使其支持4层,并监听80端口
[root@lb-node1~]# useradd-s/sbin/nologin-M www
[root@lb-node1~]# cd/usr/local/src/
[root@lb-node1 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
[root@lb-node1 src]# tar xf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
[root@lb-node1 src]# cd nginx-1.10.2
[root@lb-node1 nginx-1.10.2]#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.10.2 \
--user=www--group=www--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module--with-file-aio--with-stream
[root@lb-node1 nginx-1.10.2]# make&& make install
[root@web-node1~]# ln-s/usr/local/nginx-1.10.2/ /usr/local/nginx
## 测试配置并启动Nginx
[root@lb-node1~]#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t
nginx: the configuration file/usr/local/nginx-1.10.2/conf/nginx.conf syntaxis ok
nginx: configuration file/usr/local/nginx-1.10.2/conf/nginx.conf testis successful
[root@lb-node1~]#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
3.1配置Nginx7层反向代理
1.配置Nginx反向代理
##http段配置
upstream web-cluster{
# ip_hash;
server192.168.90.201:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;
server192.168.90.202:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;
}
server{
listen80;
server_name192.168.90.203;
location/{
proxy_pass http://web-cluster;
include proxy.conf;
}
}
测试代理
[root@lb-node1~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/
web-node1.com
[root@lb-node1~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/
web-node2.com
[root@lb-node1~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/
web-node1.com
[root@lb-node1~]# curl http://192.168.90.203/
web-node2.com
2.通过分组方式,以及User-agent实现不同代理
#http段配置
upstreamstatic-cluster{
server192.168.90.201:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;
}
upstreamdynamic-cluster{
server192.168.90.202:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;
}
upstreamdefault-cluster{
server192.168.90.202:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3;
}
#需要配置本地host解析测试 server { listen 80; server_name nginx.jiege.com; location / { if ($http_user_agent ~* "Firefox"){ proxy_pass http://static-cluster; } if ($http_user_agent ~* "Chrome") { proxy_pass http://dynamic-cluster; } proxy_pass http://default-cluster; } }
测试分组
##默认浏览器交给default处理[root@lb-node1 ~]# curl http://nginx.jiege.com web-node2.com 火狐浏览器交给static-cluster处理 谷歌浏览器交给dynamic-cluster处理 配置ssh以及msql反向代理
stream { upstream ssh_proxy { hash $remote_addr consistent; server 192.168.90.201:22; } upstream MySQL_proxy { hash $remote_addr consistent; server 192.168.90.202:3306; } server { listen 2222; proxy_connect_timeout 1s; proxy_timeout 300s; proxy_pass ssh_proxy; } server { listen 3333; proxy_connect_timeout 1s; proxy_timeout 300s; proxy_pass mysql_proxy; } }
2222端口代理至于node1的SSH、3333端口代理至于node2的MYSQL
## 测试连接ssh
[root@lb-node1~]# ssh-p2222 root@192.168.90.203
root@192.168.90.203's password:
Last login: Wed Oct 19 11:53:04 2016 from 192.168.80.143
[root@web-node1 ~]#
## 测试连接mysql
[root@lb-node1 ~]# mysql -h392.168.90.203 -uroot -p1 -P3333
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 273
Server version: 5.5.47-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
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