LNMP(nginxphp-fpmmysql)环境部署——mysql
前言:
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上一篇已经说过部署的初衷,如有不清楚的,可以看下上篇的前言或在评论区留言给我。
此篇主要介绍安装MySQL的方法,php会要用到mysql连接数据库
准备:
mysql官网:mysql.com
源码目录:/usr/local/src
mysql官方提供官方库、源码、二进制包三种安装方式。此文会分别介绍官方库、源码包的安装方式,对于二进制包,下载后可直接使用。
此文介绍mysql 5.6 社区版,在下载时不要选择错了
安装:
使用官方库安装:
1 配置mysql.repo
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql.repo # Enable to use MySQL 5.6 [mysql56-community] name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1
2 创建mysql_pubkey.asc
可参考http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/checking-gpg-signature.html
vim mysql_pubkey.asc
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS) mQGiBD4+owwRBAC14GIfUfCyEDSIePvEW3SAFUdJBtoQHH/nJKZyQT7h9bPlUWC3 RODjQReyCITRrdwyrKUGku2FmeVGwn2u2WmDMNABLnpprWPkBdCk96+OmSLN9brZ fw2vOUgCmYv2hW0hyDHuvYlQA/BThQoADgj8AW6/0Lo7V1W9/8VuHP0gQwCgvzV3 BqOxRznNCRCRxAuAuVztHRcEAJooQK1+iSiunZMYD1WufeXfshc57S/+yeJkegNW hxwR9pRWVArNYJdDRT+rf2RUe3vpquKNQU/hnEIUHJRQqYHo8gTxvxXNQc7fJYLV K2HtkrPbP72vwsEKMYhhr0eKCbtLGfls9krjJ6sBgACyP/Vb7hiPwxh7rDZ7ITnE kYpXBACmWpP8NJTkamEnPCia2ZoOHODANwpUkP43I7jsDmgtobZX9qnrAXw+uNDI QJEXM6FSbi0LLtZciNlYsafwAPEOMDKpMqAK6IyisNtPvaLd8lH0bPAnWqcyefep rv0sxxqUEMcM3o7wwgfN83POkDasDbs3pjwPhxvhz6//62zQJ7Q2TXlTUUwgUmVs ZWFzZSBFbmdpbmVlcmluZyA8bXlzcWwtYnVpbGRAb3NzLm9yYWNsZS5jb20+iGkE ExECACkCGyMGCwkIBwMCBBUCCAMEFgIDAQIeAQIXgAIZAQUCUwHUZgUJGmbLywAK CRCMcY07UHLh9V+DAKCjS1gGwgVI/eut+5L+l2v3ybl+ZgCcD7ZoA341HtoroV3U 6xRD09fUgeq0O015U1FMIFBhY2thZ2Ugc2lnbmluZyBrZXkgKHd3dy5teXNxbC5j b20pIDxidWlsZEBteXNxbC5jb20+iG8EMBECAC8FAk53Pa0oHSBidWlsZEBteXNx 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jHGNO1By4fUUmwCbBYr2+bBEn/L2BOcnw9Z/QFWuhRMAoKVgCFm5fadQ3Afi+UQl AcOphrnJ =443I -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
3 导入mysql公钥
gpg --import mysql_pubkey.asc
4 验证签名
gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 5072E1F5
5 安装mysql
如遇超时,可以先yum makecache下
yum install mysql-community-server
6 启动mysql服务
service mysqld start
7 确认安装
可以设置mysql root口令以及删除空帐号等
mysql_secure_installation
源码安装:
安装编译依赖
yum install -y wget ncurses-devel
1 在官方下载mysql源码包
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz
2 解压
tar zxf mysql-5.6.34.tar.gz
3 添加mysql用户组及用户
groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false
4 创建数据目录,并赋予权限
mkdir -p /data/mysql chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql
5 配置编译参数
cd mysql-5.6.12 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
6 编译
make make install
7 设置mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql . chgrp -R mysql . #初始化数据库 scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql chown -R root . chown -R mysql data bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & #配置服务 cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
可在初始化数据库时附加参数指定配置
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \ --datadir=/data/mysql
8 启动mysql服务
service mysql start
9 默认初始化数据库后 root 密码为空,可通过mysql_secure_installation 配置mysql安全
bin/mysql_secure_installation
10 配置防火墙 开启3306端口
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
注:若没有安装相关依赖,可能会看到类似如下错误。错误的结尾给出了各系统对应的依赖包,安装后需要清除cmake 缓存,直接删除CMakeCache.txt 文件,重新配置编译即可
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
默认初始化数据库后,需要修改my.cnf配置文件相关配置为实际值
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