编译安装LAMP实现PHP作为模块、FastCGI分离等方式
源码包:
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httpd-2.4.9 | Apache2.4.9编译安装包 |
apr-1.5.1 | Apache可移植运行库 |
apr-util-1.5.3 | Apache可移植运行库工具 |
php-5.5.30 | PHP源码包 |
MySQL-5.5.47 | 通用二进制版( Generic) |
一、PHP作为模块编译LAMP:
注: 1、由于PHP作为Apache的模块,所以编译PHP的时候,需要在httpd之后。 2、这里为了支持apache的worker或event这两个MPM,编译时使用了--enable-maintainer-zts选项。 3、PHP连接MySQL数据库需要mysql客户端的开发组件支持,不过:如果使用PHP5.3以上版本,为了链接MySQL数据库,可以指定mysqlnd,这样在本机就不需要先安装MySQL或MySQL开发包了。mysqlnd从php 5.3开始可用,可以编译时绑定到它(而不用和具体的MySQL客户端库绑定形成依赖),但从PHP 5.4开始它就是默认设置了。 # ./configure --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd |
1.编译apr-1.5.1:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y pcre-devel #安装perl正则表达式的依赖包 [root@localhost ~]# cd lamp/ [root@localhost lamp]# tar xf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz [root@localhost lamp]# cd apr-1.5.1 [root@localhost apr-1.5.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && make && make install
2.编译apr-util-1.5.3:
[root@localhost lamp]# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 [root@localhost lamp]# cd apr-util-1.5.3 [root@localhost apr-util-1.5.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ && make && make install
3.编译httpd-2.4.9:
[root@localhost lamp]# tar xf httpd-2.4.9.tar.gz [root@localhost lamp]# cd httpd-2.4.9 [root@localhost httpd-2.4.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd-2.4.9 \ #指定安装目录 > --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd \ #配置文件目录 > --enable-modules=most \ #编译进大多数常用模块 > --enable-mods-shared=most \ #将常用模块编译为动态模块,shared > --enable-so \ #使Apache支持动态加载模块 > --enable-ssl \ #支持ssl > --enable-mpms-shared=all \ #将所有支持的MPM模块编译为动态模块 > --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \ #指定apr所在位置 > --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \ #指定apr-util位置 > --with-mpm=event \ #指定默认MPM为event > --enable-proxy \ #开启代理模块 > --enable-proxy-fcgi \ #开启fcgi模块,需要一并开启--enable-proxy选项 > --enable-deflate \ #支持压缩 > make && make install #安装 #############安装完成后,还需要对运行环境做些配置################ 将目录链接为httpd: [root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/httpd-2.4.9 /usr/local/httpd 添加命令搜索路径文件: [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh 1.添加一行:export PATH=/usr/local/httpd/bin:$PATH 加载环境变量文件: [root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh 导出头文件 [root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/httpd/include/ /usr/include/httpd `/usr/include/httpd' -> `/usr/local/httpd/include/' 编辑man文档目录: [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/man.config 1.添加一行:MANPATH /usr/local/httpd/man
4.测试是否可以成功启动:
测试启动并查看是否监听在80端口: [root@localhost ~]# httpd -k start AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using ::1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message [root@localhost ~]# ss -tnl|grep 80 LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* [root@localhost ~]#
5.解压mysql:
[root@localhost lamp]# tar xf mysql-5.5.47-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ #############安装完成后,还需要对运行环境做些配置################ 创建用户和组: [root@localhost lamp]# groupadd -r mysql [root@localhost lamp]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql 将mysql-5.5.47目录链接为mysql: [root@localhost lamp]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.5.47-linux2.6-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql `/usr/local/mysql' -> `/usr/local/mysql-5.5.47-linux2.6-x86_64/' 提供命令搜索路径: [root@localhost lamp]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 1.添加一行:export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH 加载环境文件: [root@localhost lamp]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 链接头文件: [root@localhost lamp]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql `/usr/include/mysql/include' -> `/usr/local/mysql/include/' 导出库文件: [root@localhost lamp]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf 1.添加一行:/usr/local/mysql/lib 重新加载库文件: [root@localhost lamp]# ldconfig
6.配置、初始化并启动MySQL:
为目录添加权限: [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root.mysql . 创建数据目录: [root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /data [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data 初始化mysql: [root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data 初始化 查看数据目录是否有文件,如果有就证明初始化成功: [root@localhost mysql]# ls /data/ mysql mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index performance_schema test 提供启动脚本: [root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on 提供配置文件并配置: [root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf 1.在[mysqld]范围中添加一行:datadir = /data 启动mysql测试: [root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL... [ OK ] [root@localhost mysql]# [root@localhost mysql]# ss -tnl|grep 3306 LISTEN 0 50 *:3306 *:*
7.编译php-5.5.30:
[root@localhost lamp]# yum install -y openssl-devel bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel [root@localhost lamp]# cd php-5.5.30 [root@localhost php-5.5.30]./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-5.5.30 \ #指定安装目录 > --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \ #指定MySQL安装目录 > --with-openssl \ #使用openssl库,需要安装openssl-devel包 > --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \ #指定mysql_config > --enable-mbstring \ #开启多字符串支持 > --with-freetype-dir \ > --with-jpeg-dir \ #支持jpeg > --with-png-dir \ #支持png > --with-zlib \ #指定zlib > --with-libxml-dir=/usr \ #指定libxml库 > --enable-xml \ #开启xml > --enable-sockets \ #开启套接字方式支持 > --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \ #apxs是Apache的模块支持库,要想编译为Apache模块,依赖于apxs > --with-mcrypt \ #指定加密库,需要libmcrypt-devel包 > --with-config-file-path=/etc \ #指定配置文件所在目录 > --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d \ #指定附加目录 > --with-bz2 \ #指定bz2压缩库,需要bzip2-devel > --enable-maintainer-zts #支持apache的worker或event这两个MPM #############安装完成后,还需要对运行环境做些配置################ 连接目录: [root@localhost lamp]# ln -sv /usr/local/php-5.5.30/ /usr/local/php `/usr/local/php' -> `/usr/local/php-5.5.30/ 导出头文件: [root@localhost lamp]# ln -sv /usr/local/php-5.5.30/include/ /usr/include/php `/usr/include/php' -> `/usr/local/php-5.5.30/include/' 添加命令搜索路径文件: [root@localhost lamp]# vim /etc/profile.d/php.sh 1.添加一行:export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH 读取到环境变量: [root@localhost lamp]# source /etc/profile.d/php.sh 导出库文件: [root@localhost lamp]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/php.conf 1.添加一行:/usr/local/php/lib 重新加载库文件: [root@localhost lamp]# ldconfig
8.在httpd配置文件(/etc/httpd/httpd.conf)中添加如下两行并将DirectoryIndex修改为index.php:
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phpsDirectoryIndex index.php
9.重新启动httpd服务并查看是否加载php模块:
[root@localhost mysql]# httpd -k restart [root@localhost mysql]# httpd -M|grep php php5_module (shared) [root@localhost mysql]#
10.提供一个index.php文件并测试:
上面这个文件是连接mysql,如果连接成功就输出Success,如果连接失败就输出Failure。并且后面跟着输出一个php测试页面。
可以关闭掉mysql再测试:
[root@localhost htdocs]# service mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL. [ OK ] [root@localhost htdocs]#
11.编译Xcache
解包: [root@localhost lamp]# tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz 执行phpize(phpize是用来扩展php扩展模块的,通过phpize可以建立php的外挂模块): [root@localhost lamp]# cd xcache-3.2.0 [root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# phpize Configuring for: PHP Api Version: 20121113 Zend Module Api No: 20121212 Zend Extension Api No: 220121212 编译: [root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# ./configure \ > --enable-xcache \ #开启cache功能 > --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config \ #指定php的配置程序,这个程序是告诉编译程序php的信息的 > && make && make install 编译后有一条信息,记录下来稍后会用到: Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php-5.5.3/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20121212/ 复制xcache.ini到/etc/php.d目录: [root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# mkdir /etc/php.d [root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d/ 修改配置文件: [root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini 将:extension = xcache.so 修改为刚才编译完成后保留的位置: extension = /usr/local/php-5.5.3/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20121212/xcache.so
12.测试Xcache的作用:
没启动Xcache:
[root@localhost php.d]# ab -c 10 -n 100 http://10.10.10.11/pma/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1554214 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 10.10.10.11 (be patient).....done Server Software: Apache Server Hostname: 10.10.10.11 Server Port: 80 Document Path: /pma/index.php Document Length: 9047 bytes Concurrency Level: 10 Time taken for tests: 3.876 seconds Complete requests: 100 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 1037900 bytes HTML transferred: 904700 bytes Requests per second: 25.80 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 387.550 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 38.755 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 261.53 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 2 5.4 0 27 Processing: 290 383 25.3 387 438 Waiting: 272 356 25.3 360 409 Total: 308 385 24.5 388 438 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 388 66% 399 75% 401 80% 404 90% 412 95% 419 98% 430 99% 438 100% 438 (longest request)
启动Xcache:
[root@localhost php.d]# ab -c 10 -n 100 http://10.10.10.11/pma/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1554214 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 10.10.10.11 (be patient).....done Server Software: Apache Server Hostname: 10.10.10.11 Server Port: 80 Document Path: /pma/index.php Document Length: 9047 bytes Concurrency Level: 10 Time taken for tests: 0.728 seconds Complete requests: 100 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 1037900 bytes HTML transferred: 904700 bytes Requests per second: 137.39 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 72.784 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 7.278 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 1392.57 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 1 5.0 0 25 Processing: 29 70 23.4 67 129 Waiting: 8 53 23.2 50 128 Total: 29 72 23.9 69 129 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 69 66% 80 75% 86 80% 95 90% 111 95% 117 98% 125 99% 129 100% 129 (longest request)
二、PHP的FastCGI方式结合Apache:
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