这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关Kubernetes-dashboard+Heapster+InfluxDB+Grafana的示例分析，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。

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一：前言

1.kubernetes-dashboard 官方提供的用户管理Kubernets集群可视化工具

2.cAdvisor是用于监控容器运行状态的利器之一。在kubernetes系统中，cAdvisor已经被默认集成到了kubelet组件内，当kubelet服务启动时，它会自动启动cAdvisor服务，然后cAdvisor会实时采集所在节点的性能指标及节点上运行的容器的性能指标。cAdvisor主页显示了主机的实时运行状态，包括CPU使用情况、内存使用情况、网络吞吐量及文件系统使用情况等信息。但是cAdvisor只提供了单机的容器资源占用情况，而在大规模容器集群中，需要对所有的Node和全部容器进行性能监控。这就需要一套工具来实现集群性能数据的采集、存储和展示。

3.Heapster 提供整个集群的资源监控，并支持持久化数据存储到InfluxDB或者其他的存储后端。Heapster从kubelet提供的API采集节点和容器的资源占用。另外，Heapster的 /metrics API提供了Prometheus格式的数据。

4.InfluxDB是一个开源分布式时序、事件和指标数据库。

5.Grafana是一个开源仪表盘工具，它可用于Graphite、InfluxDB与 OpenTSDB 一起使用。最新的版本还可以用于其他的数据源，比如Elasticsearch。（与heapster与Prometheus均可集成）

6.Zabbix是一个基于WEB界面的提供分布式系统监视以及网络监视功能的企业级的开源解决方案.多用于传统（非微服务）分布式系统的监控。

7.Prometheus 容器时代的产物。集成采集、存储（支持多种时序数据库）、页面展示与一体的监控工具。

监控方案：
a.Heapster+InfluxDB+Grafana
b.Prometheus

二：安装
1.镜像
k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64：v1.8.2
gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-amd64：v1.4.2
gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-influxdb-amd64：v1.3.3 
gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-grafana-amd64：v4.4.3

2.yaml文件


admin-user.yaml(不需修改)

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1. apiVersion: v1

2. kind: ServiceAccount

3. metadata:

4.   name: admin-user

5.   namespace: kube-system

6. ---

7. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1

8. kind: ClusterRoleBinding

9. metadata:

10.   name: admin-user

11. roleRef:

12.   apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

13.   kind: ClusterRole

14.   name: cluster-admin

15. subjects:

16. - kind: ServiceAccount

17.   name: admin-user

18.   namespace: kube-system

dashboard.yaml(橙色标示是修改的地方。特别说明当前版本需要添加 - --heapster-host=http://heapster 配置，否则无法正常获取metrics )

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1. # Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.

2. #

3. # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

4. # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

5. # You may obtain a copy of the License at

6. #

7. #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

8. #

9. # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

10. # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

11. # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

12. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

13. # limitations under the License.

15. # Configuration to deploy release version of the Dashboard UI compatible with

16. # Kubernetes 1.8.

17. #

18. # Example usage: kubectl create -f

20. # ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #

22. apiVersion: v1

23. kind: Secret

24. metadata:

25.   labels:

26.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

27.   name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

28.   namespace: kube-system

29. type: Opaque

31. ---

32. # ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #

34. apiVersion: v1

35. kind: ServiceAccount

36. metadata:

37.   labels:

38.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

39.   name: kubernetes-dashboard

40.   namespace: kube-system

42. ---

43. # ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #

45. kind: Role

46. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1

47. metadata:

48.   name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal

49.   namespace: kube-system

50. rules:

51.   # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.

52. - apiGroups: [""]

53.   resources: ["secrets"]

54.   verbs: ["create"]

55.   # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.

56. - apiGroups: [""]

57.   resources: ["configmaps"]

58.   verbs: ["create"]

59.   # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.

60. - apiGroups: [""]

61.   resources: ["secrets"]

62.   resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]

63.   verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]

64.   # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.

65. - apiGroups: [""]

66.   resources: ["configmaps"]

67.   resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]

68.   verbs: ["get", "update"]

69.   # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.

70. - apiGroups: [""]

71.   resources: ["services"]

72.   resourceNames: ["heapster"]

73.   verbs: ["proxy"]

74. - apiGroups: [""]

75.   resources: ["services/proxy"]

76.   resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]

77.   verbs: ["get"]

79. ---

80. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1

81. kind: RoleBinding

82. metadata:

83.   name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal

84.   namespace: kube-system

85. roleRef:

86.   apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

87.   kind: Role

88.   name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal

89. subjects:

90. - kind: ServiceAccount

91.   name: kubernetes-dashboard

92.   namespace: kube-system

94. ---

95. # ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #

97. kind: Deployment

98. apiVersion: apps/v1beta2

99. metadata:

100.   labels:

101.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

102.   name: kubernetes-dashboard

103.   namespace: kube-system

104. spec:

105.   replicas: 1

106.   revisionHistoryLimit: 10

107.   selector:

108.     matchLabels:

109.       k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

110.   template:

111.     metadata:

112.       labels:

113.         k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

114.     spec:

115.       containers:

116.       - name: kubernetes-dashboard

117.         image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.2

118.         ports:

119.         - containerPort: 8443

120.           protocol: TCP

121.         args:

122.           - --auto-generate-certificates

123.           # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host

124.           # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect

125.           # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.

126.           # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port

127.           - --heapster-host=http://heapster

128.         volumeMounts:

129.         - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

130.           mountPath: /certs

131.           # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs

132.         - mountPath: /tmp

133.           name: tmp-volume

134.         livenessProbe:

135.           httpGet:

136.             scheme: HTTPS

137.             path: /

138.             port: 8443

139.           initialDelaySeconds: 30

140.           timeoutSeconds: 30

141.       volumes:

142.       - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

143.         secret:

144.           secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs

145.       - name: tmp-volume

146.         emptyDir: {}

147.       serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard

148.       # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master

149.       tolerations:

150.       - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master

151.         effect: NoSchedule

153. ---

154. # ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #

156. kind: Service

157. apiVersion: v1

158. metadata:

159.   labels:

160.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

161.   name: kubernetes-dashboard

162.   namespace: kube-system

163. spec:

164.   type: NodePort

165.   ports:

166.     - port: 443

167.       targetPort: 8443

168.       nodePort: 32666

169.   selector:

170.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

grafana.yaml(橙色标示为需要修改的地方)

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1. apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

2. kind: Deployment

3. metadata:

4.   name: monitoring-grafana

5.   namespace: kube-system

6. spec:

7.   replicas: 1

8.   template:

9.     metadata:

10.       labels:

11.         task: monitoring

12.         k8s-app: grafana

13.     spec:

14.       containers:

15.       - name: grafana

16.         image: gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-grafana-amd64:v4.4.3

17.         ports:

18.         - containerPort: 3000

19.           protocol: TCP

20.         volumeMounts:

21.         - mountPath: /etc/ssl/certs

22.           name: ca-certificates

23.           readOnly: true

24.         - mountPath: /var

25.           name: grafana-storage

26.         env:

27.         - name: INFLUXDB_HOST

28.           value: monitoring-influxdb

29.         - name: GF_SERVER_HTTP_PORT

30.           value: "3000"

31.           # The following env variables are required to make Grafana accessible via

32.           # the kubernetes api-server proxy. On production clusters, we recommend

33.           # removing these env variables, setup auth for grafana, and expose the grafana

34.           # service using a LoadBalancer or a public IP.

35.         - name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED

36.           value: "false"

37.         - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED

38.           value: "true"

39.         - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE

40.           value: Admin

41.         - name: GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL

42.           # If you're only using the API Server proxy, set this value instead:

43.           # value: /api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/proxy

44.           value: /

45.       volumes:

46.       - name: ca-certificates

47.         hostPath:

48.           path: /etc/ssl/certs

49.       - name: grafana-storage

50.         emptyDir: {}

51. ---

52. apiVersion: v1

53. kind: Service

54. metadata:

55.   labels:

56.     # For use as a Cluster add-on (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons)

57.     # If you are NOT using this as an addon, you should comment out this line.

58.     kubernetes.io/cluster-service: 'true

heapster-rbac.yaml（不需要修改）

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1. kind: ClusterRoleBinding

2. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1

3. metadata:

4.   name: heapster

5. roleRef:

6.   apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

7.   kind: ClusterRole

8.   name: system:heapster

9. subjects:

10. - kind: ServiceAccount

11.   name: heapster

12.   namespace: kube-system

heapster.yaml（橙色标示为需要修改的地方）

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. apiVersion: v1

2. kind: ServiceAccount

3. metadata:

4.   name: heapster

5.   namespace: kube-system

6. ---

7. apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

8. kind: Deployment

9. metadata:

10.   name: heapster

11.   namespace: kube-system

12. spec:

13.   replicas: 1

14.   template:

15.     metadata:

16.       labels:

17.         task: monitoring

18.         k8s-app: heapster

19.     spec:

20.       serviceAccountName: heapster

21.       containers:

22.       - name: heapster

23.         image: gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-amd64:v1.4.2

24.         imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

25.         command:

26.         - /heapster

27.         - --source=kubernetes:https://10.116.137.196:6443

28.         - --sink=influxdb:http://monitoring-influxdb.kube-system.svc:8086

29. ---

30. apiVersion: v1

31. kind: Service

32. metadata:

33.   labels:

34.     task: monitoring

35.     # For use as a Cluster add-on (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons)

36.     # If you are NOT using this as an addon, you should comment out this line.

37.     kubernetes.io/cluster-service: 'true'

38.     kubernetes.io/name: Heapster

39.   name: heapster

40.   namespace: kube-system

41. spec:

42.   ports:

43.   - port: 80

44.     targetPort: 8082

45.   selector:

46.     k8s-app: heapster

influxdb.yaml（橙色标示为需要修改的地方）

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1. apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

2. kind: Deployment

3. metadata:

4.   name: monitoring-influxdb

5.   namespace: kube-system

6. spec:

7.   replicas: 1

8.   template:

9.     metadata:

10.       labels:

11.         task: monitoring

12.         k8s-app: influxdb

13.     spec:

14.       containers:

15.       - name: influxdb

16.         image: gcr.io/google_containers/heapster-influxdb-amd64:v1.3.3

17.         volumeMounts:

18.         - mountPath: /data

19.           name: influxdb-storage

20.       volumes:

21.       - name: influxdb-storage

22.         emptyDir: {}

23. ---

24. apiVersion: v1

25. kind: Service

26. metadata:

27.   labels:

28.     task: monitoring

29.     # For use as a Cluster add-on (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons)

30.     # If you are NOT using this as an addon, you should comment out this line.

31.     kubernetes.io/cluster-service: 'true'

32.     kubernetes.io/name: monitoring-influxdb

33.   name: monitoring-influxdb

34.   namespace: kube-system

35. spec:

36.   ports:

37.   - port: 8086

38.     targetPort: 8086

39.   selector:

40.     k8s-app: influxdb

dashboard.yaml 文件源于https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

其他yaml.文件源于
https://codeload.github.com/kubernetes/heapster/zip/v1.4.2  下载后解压缩  位于目录\deploy\kube-config\influxdb

3.创建相关资源
执行命令：
kubectl create -f admin-user.yaml -f dashboard.yaml -f grafana.yaml -f heapster-rbac.yaml -f heapster.yaml -f influxdb.yaml
查看创建状态：
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

三：访问
建议使用Firefox浏览器访问https://nodeIp:32666



选择使用令牌登录的方式，  生成令牌的命令如下（请保存好生成的Token）：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}') | grep token

成功登录后的页面：

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