怎么在Android中利用ListView实一个汉字转成拼音功能
本篇文章为大家展示了怎么在Android中利用ListView实一个汉字转成拼音功能，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
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项目结构
我按照项目中类的顺序来一一介绍其功能
1.SortModel 一个实体类，里面一个是ListView的name,另一个就是显示的name拼音的首字母
package com.example.sortlistview;
public class SortModel {
private String name; //显示的数据
private String sortLetters; //显示数据拼音的首字母
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSortLetters() {
return sortLetters;
}
public void setSortLetters(String sortLetters) {
this.sortLetters = sortLetters;
}
}2.SideBar类就是ListView右侧的字母索引View，我们需要使用setTextView(TextView mTextDialog)来设置用来显示当前按下的字母的TextView,以及使用setOnTouchingLetterChangedListener方法来设置回调接口，在回调方法onTouchingLetterChanged(String s)中来处理不同的操作
package com.example.sortlistview;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Typeface;
import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class SideBar extends View {
// 触摸事件
private OnTouchingLetterChangedListener onTouchingLetterChangedListener;
// 26个字母
public static String[] b = { "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I",
"J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V",
"W", "X", "Y", "Z", "#" };
private int choose = -1;// 选中
private Paint paint = new Paint();
private TextView mTextDialog;
/**
* 为SideBar设置显示字母的TextView
* @param mTextDialog
*/
public void setTextView(TextView mTextDialog) {
this.mTextDialog = mTextDialog;
}
public SideBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
}
public SideBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
public SideBar(Context context) {
super(context);
}
/**
* 重写这个方法
*/
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
// 获取焦点改变背景颜色.
int height = getHeight();// 获取对应高度
int width = getWidth(); // 获取对应宽度
int singleHeight = height / b.length;// 获取每一个字母的高度
for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
paint.setColor(Color.rgb(33, 65, 98));
// paint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
paint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD);
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setTextSize(20);
// 选中的状态
if (i == choose) {
paint.setColor(Color.parseColor("#3399ff"));
paint.setFakeBoldText(true);
}
// x坐标等于中间-字符串宽度的一半.
float xPos = width / 2 - paint.measureText(b[i]) / 2;
float yPos = singleHeight * i + singleHeight;
canvas.drawText(b[i], xPos, yPos, paint);
paint.reset();// 重置画笔
}
}
@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final int action = event.getAction();
final float y = event.getY();// 点击y坐标
final int oldChoose = choose;
final OnTouchingLetterChangedListener listener = onTouchingLetterChangedListener;
final int c = (int) (y / getHeight() * b.length);// 点击y坐标所占总高度的比例*b数组的长度就等于点击b中的个数.
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(0x00000000));
choose = -1;//
invalidate();
if (mTextDialog != null) {
mTextDialog.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
}
break;
default:
setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.sidebar_background);
if (oldChoose != c) {
if (c >= 0 && c < b.length) {
if (listener != null) {
listener.onTouchingLetterChanged(b[c]);
}
if (mTextDialog != null) {
mTextDialog.setText(b[c]);
mTextDialog.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
choose = c;
invalidate();
}
}
break;
}
return true;
}
/**
* 向外公开的方法
*
* @param onTouchingLetterChangedListener
*/
public void setOnTouchingLetterChangedListener(
OnTouchingLetterChangedListener onTouchingLetterChangedListener) {
this.onTouchingLetterChangedListener = onTouchingLetterChangedListener;
}
/**
* 接口
*
* @author coder
*
*/
public interface OnTouchingLetterChangedListener {
public void onTouchingLetterChanged(String s);
}
}3.CharacterParser 这个类是将汉字转换成拼音的类，该拼音没有声调的，该类是单例类，其中定义了三个方法，在这个demo中用到的是getSelling(String chs)方法，将词组转换成拼音
package com.example.sortlistview;
/**
* Java汉字转换为拼音
*
*/
public class CharacterParser {
private static int[] pyvalue = new int[] {-20319, -20317, -20304, -20295, -20292, -20283, -20265, -20257, -20242, -20230, -20051, -20036, -20032,
-20026, -20002, -19990, -19986, -19982, -19976, -19805, -19784, -19775, -19774, -19763, -19756, -19751, -19746, -19741, -19739, -19728,
-19725, -19715, -19540, -19531, -19525, -19515, -19500, -19484, -19479, -19467, -19289, -19288, -19281, -19275, -19270, -19263, -19261,
-19249, -19243, -19242, -19238, -19235, -19227, -19224, -19218, -19212, -19038, -19023, -19018, -19006, -19003, -18996, -18977, -18961,
-18952, -18783, -18774, -18773, -18763, -18756, -18741, -18735, -18731, -18722, -18710, -18697, -18696, -18526, -18518, -18501, -18490,
-18478, -18463, -18448, -18447, -18446, -18239, -18237, -18231, -18220, -18211, -18201, -18184, -18183, -18181, -18012, -17997, -17988,
-17970, -17964, -17961, -17950, -17947, -17931, -17928, -17922, -17759, -17752, -17733, -17730, -17721, -17703, -17701, -17697, -17692,
-17683, -17676, -17496, -17487, -17482, -17468, -17454, -17433, -17427, -17417, -17202, -17185, -16983, -16970, -16942, -16915, -16733,
-16708, -16706, -16689, -16664, -16657, -16647, -16474, -16470, -16465, -16459, -16452, -16448, -16433, -16429, -16427, -16423, -16419,
-16412, -16407, -16403, -16401, -16393, -16220, -16216, -16212, -16205, -16202, -16187, -16180, -16171, -16169, -16158, -16155, -15959,
-15958, -15944, -15933, -15920, -15915, -15903, -15889, -15878, -15707, -15701, -15681, -15667, -15661, -15659, -15652, -15640, -15631,
-15625, -15454, -15448, -15436, -15435, -15419, -15416, -15408, -15394, -15385, -15377, -15375, -15369, -15363, -15362, -15183, -15180,
-15165, -15158, -15153, -15150, -15149, -15144, -15143, -15141, -15140, -15139, -15128, -15121, -15119, -15117, -15110, -15109, -14941,
-14937, -14933, -14930, -14929, -14928, -14926, -14922, -14921, -14914, -14908, -14902, -14894, -14889, -14882, -14873, -14871, -14857,
-14678, -14674, -14670, -14668, -14663, -14654, -14645, -14630, -14594, -14429, -14407, -14399, -14384, -14379, -14368, -14355, -14353,
-14345, -14170, -14159, -14151, -14149, -14145, -14140, -14137, -14135, -14125, -14123, -14122, -14112, -14109, -14099, -14097, -14094,
-14092, -14090, -14087, -14083, -13917, -13914, -13910, -13907, -13906, -13905, -13896, -13894, -13878, -13870, -13859, -13847, -13831,
-13658, -13611, -13601, -13406, -13404, -13400, -13398, -13395, -13391, -13387, -13383, -13367, -13359, -13356, -13343, -13340, -13329,
-13326, -13318, -13147, -13138, -13120, -13107, -13096, -13095, -13091, -13076, -13068, -13063, -13060, -12888, -12875, -12871, -12860,
-12858, -12852, -12849, -12838, -12831, -12829, -12812, -12802, -12607, -12597, -12594, -12585, -12556, -12359, -12346, -12320, -12300,
-12120, -12099, -12089, -12074, -12067, -12058, -12039, -11867, -11861, -11847, -11831, -11798, -11781, -11604, -11589, -11536, -11358,
-11340, -11339, -11324, -11303, -11097, -11077, -11067, -11055, -11052, -11045, -11041, -11038, -11024, -11020, -11019, -11018, -11014,
-10838, -10832, -10815, -10800, -10790, -10780, -10764, -10587, -10544, -10533, -10519, -10331, -10329, -10328, -10322, -10315, -10309,
-10307, -10296, -10281, -10274, -10270, -10262, -10260, -10256, -10254};
public static String[] pystr = new String[] {"a", "ai", "an", "ang", "ao", "ba", "bai", "ban", "bang", "bao", "bei", "ben", "beng", "bi", "bian",
"biao", "bie", "bin", "bing", "bo", "bu", "ca", "cai", "can", "cang", "cao", "ce", "ceng", "cha", "chai", "chan", "chang", "chao", "che",
"chen", "cheng", "chi", "chong", "chou", "chu", "chuai", "chuan", "chuang", "chui", "chun", "chuo", "ci", "cong", "cou", "cu", "cuan",
"cui", "cun", "cuo", "da", "dai", "dan", "dang", "dao", "de", "deng", "di", "dian", "diao", "die", "ding", "diu", "dong", "dou", "du",
"duan", "dui", "dun", "duo", "e", "en", "er", "fa", "fan", "fang", "fei", "fen", "feng", "fo", "fou", "fu", "ga", "gai", "gan", "gang",
"gao", "ge", "gei", "gen", "geng", "gong", "gou", "gu", "gua", "guai", "guan", "guang", "gui", "gun", "guo", "ha", "hai", "han", "hang",
"hao", "he", "hei", "hen", "heng", "hong", "hou", "hu", "hua", "huai", "huan", "huang", "hui", "hun", "huo", "ji", "jia", "jian",
"jiang", "jiao", "jie", "jin", "jing", "jiong", "jiu", "ju", "juan", "jue", "jun", "ka", "kai", "kan", "kang", "kao", "ke", "ken",
"keng", "kong", "kou", "ku", "kua", "kuai", "kuan", "kuang", "kui", "kun", "kuo", "la", "lai", "lan", "lang", "lao", "le", "lei", "leng",
"li", "lia", "lian", "liang", "liao", "lie", "lin", "ling", "liu", "long", "lou", "lu", "lv", "luan", "lue", "lun", "luo", "ma", "mai",
"man", "mang", "mao", "me", "mei", "men", "meng", "mi", "mian", "miao", "mie", "min", "ming", "miu", "mo", "mou", "mu", "na", "nai",
"nan", "nang", "nao", "ne", "nei", "nen", "neng", "ni", "nian", "niang", "niao", "nie", "nin", "ning", "niu", "nong", "nu", "nv", "nuan",
"nue", "nuo", "o", "ou", "pa", "pai", "pan", "pang", "pao", "pei", "pen", "peng", "pi", "pian", "piao", "pie", "pin", "ping", "po", "pu",
"qi", "qia", "qian", "qiang", "qiao", "qie", "qin", "qing", "qiong", "qiu", "qu", "quan", "que", "qun", "ran", "rang", "rao", "re",
"ren", "reng", "ri", "rong", "rou", "ru", "ruan", "rui", "run", "ruo", "sa", "sai", "san", "sang", "sao", "se", "sen", "seng", "sha",
"shai", "shan", "shang", "shao", "she", "shen", "sheng", "shi", "shou", "shu", "shua", "shuai", "shuan", "shuang", "shui", "shun",
"shuo", "si", "song", "sou", "su", "suan", "sui", "sun", "suo", "ta", "tai", "tan", "tang", "tao", "te", "teng", "ti", "tian", "tiao",
"tie", "ting", "tong", "tou", "tu", "tuan", "tui", "tun", "tuo", "wa", "wai", "wan", "wang", "wei", "wen", "weng", "wo", "wu", "xi",
"xia", "xian", "xiang", "xiao", "xie", "xin", "xing", "xiong", "xiu", "xu", "xuan", "xue", "xun", "ya", "yan", "yang", "yao", "ye", "yi",
"yin", "ying", "yo", "yong", "you", "yu", "yuan", "yue", "yun", "za", "zai", "zan", "zang", "zao", "ze", "zei", "zen", "zeng", "zha",
"zhai", "zhan", "zhang", "zhao", "zhe", "zhen", "zheng", "zhi", "zhong", "zhou", "zhu", "zhua", "zhuai", "zhuan", "zhuang", "zhui",
"zhun", "zhuo", "zi", "zong", "zou", "zu", "zuan", "zui", "zun", "zuo"};
private StringBuilder buffer;
private String resource;
private static CharacterParser characterParser = new CharacterParser();
public static CharacterParser getInstance() {
return characterParser;
}
public String getResource() {
return resource;
}
public void setResource(String resource) {
this.resource = resource;
}
/** * 汉字转成ASCII码 * * @param chs * @return */
private int getChsAscii(String chs) {
int asc = 0;
try {
byte[] bytes = chs.getBytes("gb2312");
if (bytes == null || bytes.length > 2 || bytes.length <= 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("illegal resource string");
}
if (bytes.length == 1) {
asc = bytes[0];
}
if (bytes.length == 2) {
int hightByte = 256 + bytes[0];
int lowByte = 256 + bytes[1];
asc = (256 * hightByte + lowByte) - 256 * 256;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("ERROR:ChineseSpelling.class-getChsAscii(String chs)" + e);
}
return asc;
}
/** * 单字解析 * * @param str * @return */
public String convert(String str) {
String result = null;
int ascii = getChsAscii(str);
if (ascii > 0 && ascii < 160) {
result = String.valueOf((char) ascii);
} else {
for (int i = (pyvalue.length - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
if (pyvalue[i] <= ascii) {
result = pystr[i];
break;
}
}
}
return result;
}
/** * 词组解析 * * @param chs * @return */
public String getSelling(String chs) {
String key, value;
buffer = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < chs.length(); i++) {
key = chs.substring(i, i + 1);
if (key.getBytes().length >= 2) {
value = (String) convert(key);
if (value == null) {
value = "unknown";
}
} else {
value = key;
}
buffer.append(value);
}
return buffer.toString();
}
public String getSpelling() {
return this.getSelling(this.getResource());
}
}4.ClearEditText类是自定义的一个在右侧有删除图片的EditText，当然你也可以用Android原生的EditText，该类我之前有介绍，我这里就不贴上代码了Android 带清除功能的输入框控件ClearEditText,仿IOS的输入框
5.SortAdapter 数据的适配器类，该类需要实现SectionIndexer接口，该接口是用来控制ListView分组的，该接口有三个方法getSectionForPosition(int position)，getPositionForSection(int section)，getSections()，我们只需要自行实现前面两个方法
•getSectionForPosition(int position)是根据ListView的position来获取该位置上面的name的首字母char的ascii值，例如： 如果该position上面的name是阿妹，首字母就是A，那么此方法返回的就是'A'字母的ascii值，也就是65， 'B'是66，依次类推
•getPositionForSection(int section)就是根据首字母的ascii值来获取在该ListView中第一次出现该首字母的位置，例如：从上面的效果图1中，如果section是66 ，也就是‘B'的ascii值，那么该方法返回的position就是2
然后就是getView()方法，首先我们根据ListView的position调用getSectionForPosition(int position)来获取该位置上面name的首字母的ascii值,然后根据这个ascii值调用getPositionForSection(int section)来获取第一次出现该首字母的position，如果ListView的position 等于 根据这个ascii值调用getPositionForSection(int section)来获取第一次出现该首字母的position，则显示分类字母 否则隐藏
package com.example.sortlistview;
import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.SectionIndexer;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class SortAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements SectionIndexer{
private List list = null;
private Context mContext;
public SortAdapter(Context mContext, List list) {
this.mContext = mContext;
this.list = list;
}
/**
* 当ListView数据发生变化时,调用此方法来更新ListView
* @param list
*/
public void updateListView(List list){
this.list = list;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
public int getCount() {
return this.list.size();
}
public Object getItem(int position) {
return list.get(position);
}
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
public View getView(final int position, View view, ViewGroup arg2) {
ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
final SortModel mContent = list.get(position);
if (view == null) {
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.item, null);
viewHolder.tvTitle = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.title);
viewHolder.tvLetter = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.catalog);
view.setTag(viewHolder);
} else {
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
}
//根据position获取分类的首字母的char ascii值
int section = getSectionForPosition(position);
//如果当前位置等于该分类首字母的Char的位置 ，则认为是第一次出现
if(position == getPositionForSection(section)){
viewHolder.tvLetter.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
viewHolder.tvLetter.setText(mContent.getSortLetters());
}else{
viewHolder.tvLetter.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}
viewHolder.tvTitle.setText(this.list.get(position).getName());
return view;
}
final static class ViewHolder {
TextView tvLetter;
TextView tvTitle;
}
/**
* 根据ListView的当前位置获取分类的首字母的char ascii值
*/
public int getSectionForPosition(int position) {
return list.get(position).getSortLetters().charAt(0);
}
/**
* 根据分类的首字母的Char ascii值获取其第一次出现该首字母的位置
*/
public int getPositionForSection(int section) {
for (int i = 0; i < getCount(); i++) {
String sortStr = list.get(i).getSortLetters();
char firstChar = sortStr.toUpperCase().charAt(0);
if (firstChar == section) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
@Override
public Object[] getSections() {
return null;
}
} 6.MainActivity 这里面的代码比较简单，我们对ClearEditText设置addTextChangedListener监听，当输入框内容发生变化根据里面的值过滤ListView，里面的值为空显示原来的列表，里面对列表数据进行排序用到PinyinComparator接口，该接口主要是用来比较对象的
package com.example.sortlistview;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.example.sortlistview.SideBar.OnTouchingLetterChangedListener;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ListView sortListView;
private SideBar sideBar;
/**
* 显示字母的TextView
*/
private TextView dialog;
private SortAdapter adapter;
private ClearEditText mClearEditText;
/**
* 汉字转换成拼音的类
*/
private CharacterParser characterParser;
private List SourceDateList;
/**
* 根据拼音来排列ListView里面的数据类
*/
private PinyinComparator pinyinComparator;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initViews();
}
private void initViews() {
//实例化汉字转拼音类
characterParser = CharacterParser.getInstance();
pinyinComparator = new PinyinComparator();
sideBar = (SideBar) findViewById(R.id.sidrbar);
dialog = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.dialog);
sideBar.setTextView(dialog);
//设置右侧触摸监听
sideBar.setOnTouchingLetterChangedListener(new OnTouchingLetterChangedListener() {
@Override
public void onTouchingLetterChanged(String s) {
//该字母首次出现的位置
int position = adapter.getPositionForSection(s.charAt(0));
if(position != -1){
sortListView.setSelection(position);
}
}
});
sortListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.country_lvcountry);
sortListView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
int position, long id) {
//这里要利用adapter.getItem(position)来获取当前position所对应的对象
Toast.makeText(getApplication(), ((SortModel)adapter.getItem(position)).getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
SourceDateList = filledData(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.date));
// 根据a-z进行排序源数据
Collections.sort(SourceDateList, pinyinComparator);
adapter = new SortAdapter(this, SourceDateList);
sortListView.setAdapter(adapter);
mClearEditText = (ClearEditText) findViewById(R.id.filter_edit);
//根据输入框输入值的改变来过滤搜索
mClearEditText.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
@Override
public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
//当输入框里面的值为空，更新为原来的列表，否则为过滤数据列表
filterData(s.toString());
}
@Override
public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count,
int after) {
}
@Override
public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
}
});
}
/**
* 为ListView填充数据
* @param date
* @return
*/
private List filledData(String [] date){
List mSortList = new ArrayList();
for(int i=0; i filterDateList = new ArrayList();
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(filterStr)) {
filterDateList = SourceDateList;
} else {
filterDateList.clear();
for (SortModel sortModel : SourceDateList) {
String name = sortModel.getName();
if (name.toUpperCase().indexOf(
filterStr.toString().toUpperCase()) != -1
|| characterParser.getSelling(name).toUpperCase()
.startsWith(filterStr.toString().toUpperCase())) {
filterDateList.add(sortModel);
}
}
}
// 根据a-z进行排序
Collections.sort(filterDateList, pinyinComparator);
adapter.updateListView(filterDateList);
}
} 7.PinyinComparator接口用来对ListView中的数据根据A-Z进行排序，前面两个if判断主要是将不是以汉字开头的数据放在后面
package com.example.sortlistview; import java.util.Comparator; /** * * @author xiaanming * */ public class PinyinComparator implements Comparator{ public int compare(SortModel o1, SortModel o2) { //这里主要是用来对ListView里面的数据根据ABCDEFG...来排序 if (o2.getSortLetters().equals("#")) { return -1; } else if (o1.getSortLetters().equals("#")) { return 1; } else { return o1.getSortLetters().compareTo(o2.getSortLetters()); } } }
上述内容就是怎么在Android中利用ListView实一个汉字转成拼音功能，你们学到知识或技能了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或者丰富自己的知识储备，欢迎关注创新互联行业资讯频道。
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