kubeadm安装k8集群问题记录-创新互联

环境准备

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192.168.222.247 k8s-master centos 7.5

192.168.222.250 k8s-node1 centos 7.5

基础环境准备

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

关闭seliunx

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

setenforce 0

关闭swap

swapoff -a $ 临时

vim /etc/fstab $ 永久

设置好主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node1

5.将桥接的 IPv4 流量传递到 iptables 的链：

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

EOF

sysctl --system

如果不进行这一步的设置，kubadm init 自检时会报错

配置yum 源

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF

[kubernetes]

name=Kubernetes

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg

EOF

yum clean all

yum makecache

安装阿里云的镜像源

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7

启动 docker

systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker

docker --version # 查看docker 版本

安装 kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl

yum install -y kubelet-1.13.3 kubeadm-1.13.3 kubectl-1.13.3

指定软件的安装版本，但是安装的时候会报错

No package kubernetes-cni=0.6.0 available.

kubeadm 安装k8 集群问题记录

解决方法

CNI是Container Network Interface的是一个标准的，通用的接口。现在容器平台：docker，kubernetes，mesos，容器网络解决方案：flannel，calico，weave。只要提供一个标准的接口，就能为同样满足该协议的所有容器平台提供网络功能，而CNI正是这样的一个标准接口协议。

yum 源安装导致版本冲突，解决方法寻找 yum 安装依赖的rpm 包，

包怎么找呢

参考k8s官方yum仓库配置，我们可以在https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/repodata/primary.xml配置文件中找到rpm包的下载链接

rpm包下载前缀是https://yum.kubernetes.io

pool/fe33057ffe95bfae65e2f269e1b05e99308853176e24a4d027bc082b471a07c0-kubernetes-cni-0.6.0-0.x86_64.rpm

40ff4cf56f1b01f7415f0a4708e190cff5fbf037319c38583c52ae0469c8fcf3-kubeadm-1.11.1-0.x86_64.rpm

地址拼接：

https://yum.kubernetes.io + pool/fe33057ffe95bfae65e2f269e1b05e99308853176e24a4d027bc082b471a07c0 + 应用版本如 kubernetes-cni-0.6.0-0.x86_64.rpm

找那些包呢

cri-tools-1.11.0-0.x86_64.rpm

kubectl-1.11.1-0.x86_64.rpm

socat-1.7.3.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

kubelet-1.11.1-0.x86_64.rpm

kubernetes-cni-0.6.0-0.x86_64.rpm

kubeadm-1.11.1-0.x86_64.rpm

socat-1.7.3.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 不能在配置文件中找到下载地址，直接使用 yum 安装

包的安装顺序呢

yum install socat -y

rpm -ivh cri-tools-1.13.3-0.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh kubectl-1.13.3-0.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh kubelet-1.13.3-0.x86_64.rpm kubernetes-cni-0.6.0-0.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh kubeadm-1.13.3-0.x86_64.rpm

kubeadm 初始化

kubeadm init \

--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.222.247 \

--kubernetes-version v1.13.3 \

--service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16\

--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

报错

[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image [k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.13.3]: exit status 1

[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image [k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.13.3]: exit status 1

[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image [k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.13.3]: exit status 1

[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image [k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.13.3]: exit status 1

[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image [k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1]: exit status 1

[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image [k8s.gcr.io/etcd-amd64:3.2.24]: exit status 1

[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image [k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.1.3]: exit status 1

初始的镜像没有，×××，或者想办法提前下载好镜像，幸好阿里云提供下载的镜像地址前缀：registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

#coding:utf-8

#!/usr/bin/ python

import os

import subprocess

old_base_url = 'registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/'

new_base_url = 'k8s.gcr.io/'

pull_list = [

'kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.13.3',

'kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.13.3',

'kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.13.3',

'kube-proxy-amd64:v1.13.3',

'pause:3.1',

'etcd-amd64:3.2.18',

'coredns:1.1.3'

]

for container in pull_list:

old_container = os.path.join(old_base_url, container)

new_container = os.path.join(new_base_url, container)

print("开始拉取镜像%s......" % old_container)

os.system("docker pull {}".format(old_container))

print("==============镜像开始重命名==========")

os.system("docker tag %s %s" % (old_container, new_container))

print("开始删掉老镜像%s"%old_container)

os.system("docker rmi %s" % (old_container))

print("===================================")

kubeadm init 初始化

kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.222.247 --kubernetes-version v1.13.3 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

输出以下日志

[init] using Kubernetes version: v1.13.3

[preflight] running pre-flight checks

[WARNING KubernetesVersion]: kubernetes version is greater than kubeadm version. Please consider to upgrade kubeadm. kubernetes version: 1.13.3. Kubeadm version: 1.11.x

I0421 02:16:48.942948 19072 kernel_validator.go:81] Validating kernel version

I0421 02:16:48.943124 19072 kernel_validator.go:96] Validating kernel config

[WARNING SystemVerification]: docker version is greater than the most recently validated version. Docker version: 18.06.1-ce. Max validated version: 17.03

[preflight/images] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster

[preflight/images] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection

[preflight/images] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'

[kubelet] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"

[kubelet] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"

[preflight] Activating the kubelet service

[certificates] Generated ca certificate and key.

[certificates] Generated apiserver certificate and key.

[certificates] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.1.0.1 192.168.222.247]

[certificates] Generated apiserver-kubelet-client certificate and key.

[certificates] Generated sa key and public key.

[certificates] Generated front-proxy-ca certificate and key.

[certificates] Generated front-proxy-client certificate and key.

[certificates] Generated etcd/ca certificate and key.

[certificates] Generated etcd/server certificate and key.

[certificates] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [127.0.0.1 ::1]

[certificates] Generated etcd/peer certificate and key.

[certificates] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.222.247 127.0.0.1 ::1]

[certificates] Generated etcd/healthcheck-client certificate and key.

[certificates] Generated apiserver-etcd-client certificate and key.

[certificates] valid certificates and keys now exist in "/etc/kubernetes/pki"

[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"

[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf"

[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf"

[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf"

[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-apiserver to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml"

[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-controller-manager to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml"

[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-scheduler to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml"

[etcd] Wrote Static Pod manifest for a local etcd instance to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/etcd.yaml"

[init] waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as Static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"

[init] this might take a minute or longer if the control plane images have to be pulled

[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 49.545530 seconds

[uploadconfig] storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace

[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.13" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster

[markmaster] Marking the node k8s-master as master by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"

[markmaster] Marking the node k8s-master as master by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]

[patchnode] Uploading the CRI Socket information "/var/run/dockershim.sock" to the Node API object "k8s-master" as an annotation

[bootstraptoken] using token: e9tdub.hh2rmlrmbd83leja

[bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials

[bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token

[bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster

[bootstraptoken] creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace

[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS

[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes master has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.

Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

You can now join any number of machines by running the following on each node

as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.222.247:6443 --token e9tdub.hh2rmlrmbd83leja --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e3c9f57bb590bd7d5086864239ded2beaa6c4c640a35835bd2ca4add68373499

### 奇怪

[WARNING KubernetesVersion]: kubernetes version is greater than kubeadm version. Please consider to upgrade kubeadm. kubernetes version: 1.13.3. Kubeadm version: 1.11.x

有可能是之前下载的 kubeadm 版本不对

升级下版本，或者卸载重新安装

yum upgrade kubeadm-1.13.3

kubeadm reset # 重新初始化

然后重新kubeadm init 一下

使用kubectl工具：操作

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

查看集群状态

ps 这里是1.11.1的图，后面是升级后 1.13.3

安装Pod网络插件（CNI）

kubectl apply -f

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/a70459be0084506e4ec919aa1c114638878db11b/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

安装完网络插件集群集群的状态正常了

#操作将 master 节点的镜像导入到 node 节点上

在node 节点上执行

kubeadm join 192.168.222.247:6443 --token v8se4d.oj94uy1q308yqt83 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:b5ba2f86cd1df0e8c457ce3377f92437c6592f299ee4ffea123d214af6e4d9ea --ignore-preflight-errors=all # 加上 ignore 要不然报错

出现如下提示，表示加入集群成功

This node has joined the cluster:

* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.

* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the master to see this node join the cluster.

查看集群状态，状态成功了

kubeadm 安装k8 集群问题记录

测试kubernetes集群

kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx

kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort

kubectl get pod,svc

访问地址：https://NodeIP:Port # 注意是 https

部署 kubernetes-dashboard-amd64

下载镜像

docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1

docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1 xx/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v.10.1

下载 yaml 文件

wgethttps://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

修改为 nodeport 类型

kubeadm 安装k8 集群问题记录

部署

kubectl create -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色：

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

输出的token 值用于登录

登录界面

kubeadm 安装k8 集群问题记录

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