如何给linux添加磁盘并扩展逻辑卷-创新互联
如何给linux添加磁盘并扩展逻辑卷，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
给linux添加磁盘并扩展逻辑卷
——生产实录
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000e7336
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_minisite-lv_root: 16.7 GB, 16718495744 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2032 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_minisite-lv_swap: 4227 MB, 4227858432 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 514 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
[root@minisite ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x4cebbd75.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x4cebbd75
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1305, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1305, default 1305):
Using default value 1305
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): l
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@minisite ~]# partx -a /dev/sdb
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 1
[root@minisite ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
忖sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
忖sda2 8:2 0 19.5G 0 part
忖vg_minisite-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0 0 15.6G 0 lvm /
忖vg_minisite-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
忖sdb1 8:17 0 10G 0 part
[root@minisite ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
[root@minisite ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg_minisite
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 19.51 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4994
Alloc PE / Size 4994 / 19.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID 8ZwMrO-qNqg-Xdsn-l8SG-ecZf-WFbB-R4Si2z
[root@minisite ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg_minisite/lv_root
LV Name lv_root
VG Name vg_minisite
LV UUID owBHOh-LSip-wWFx-CTtU-sezw-6tE9-VzVMHz
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time minisite, 2013-12-27 18:09:52 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 15.57 GiB
Current LE 3986
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg_minisite/lv_swap
LV Name lv_swap
VG Name vg_minisite
LV UUID vCCRq7-CdkY-erXQ-ZFPX-3Bi1-yaxi-efTvul
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time minisite, 2013-12-27 18:09:59 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 3.94 GiB
Current LE 1008
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
[root@minisite ~]# vgextend vg_minisite /dev/sdb1
Volume group "vg_minisite" successfully extended
[root@minisite ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg_minisite
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 29.50 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 7552
Alloc PE / Size 4994 / 19.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 2558 / 9.99 GiB
VG UUID 8ZwMrO-qNqg-Xdsn-l8SG-ecZf-WFbB-R4Si2z
[root@minisite ~]# lvextend -l +2558 /dev/vg_minisite/lv_root #-l是按照pe的方式计算，一个PE是4M。
Extending logical volume lv_root to 25.56 GiB
Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
注释：上面是用PE来计算的空间，即2558（个）*4M；当然也可以直接加空间大小，这样更方便： lvextend -L+2G /dev/vg_minisite/lv_root
[root@minisite ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg_minisite/lv_root #使扩展的逻辑卷生效
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg_minisite/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg_minisite/lv_root to 6701056 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg_minisite/lv_root is now 6701056 blocks long.
[root@minisite ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_minisite-lv_root
26G 5.2G 19G 22% /
tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 37M 423M 9% /boot
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